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Module 1, Part 1

Module 1, Part 1. Research as a Way of Knowing The Research Process & Report Causal Reasoning. Agenda 8/31. Ways of Knowing Quantitative/Empirical/Social Science Research as a Particular Way of Knowing Quantitative Research is Systematic Theory and Research Theory Testing Through Research.

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Module 1, Part 1

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  1. Module 1, Part 1 Research as a Way of Knowing The Research Process & Report Causal Reasoning

  2. Agenda 8/31 • Ways of Knowing • Quantitative/Empirical/Social Science Research as a Particular Way of Knowing • Quantitative Research is Systematic • Theory and Research • Theory Testing Through Research

  3. Ways Of Knowing • Authority • Personal experience • Intuition • Faith • Custom/Tenacity • Observation/Example • Rational Argument • Social Science

  4. Knowing • All ways of knowing serve purposes • All ways can be used to improve the human condition • None are inherently better than others • Social science is unique way of knowing suited to questions of general fact

  5. Social Science Research is Systematic • Question oriented • Logical/Theoretical and Empirical • Systematic Research Design and Process • Replicable • Conventional Systematic Procedures and Considerations (Authority-Free, Bias-Free) • Operates on Probability • Self Correcting • Generally, Public • Communicated via the Research Report

  6. Theory and Research • What is theory? • Roles in research • Inductive approach to theory • Deductive approach to theory • Theories are Not Proven • Theories are useful to the extent that they predict accurately when tested through research • Theories are not useful to the extent they do not predict accurately when tested through research

  7. Theory Testing Through Research • Conceptual Level/Operational Level • Hypothesis • Directional/Nondirectional • Causal/Correlational • Variables • Independent/Dependent • Manipulated/Measured • Sampling/Sample • Research Design

  8. Validity • Reliability • Measurement • Types of measures • Levels of measures • Inferential statistics

  9. Hypotheses • Self disclosure is positively related to trust in close interpersonal relationships. • Trust is positively related to relational satisfaction in close interpersonal relationships. • Self disclosure is related to trust in close interpersonal relationships.

  10. Adult People in the US who read the news paper at least 5 times a week are better informed about world news events than are those who watch news shows on TV at least 5 times a week. • Adult People in the US who watch news shows on TV are better informed about world news events than those who neither watch TV news nor read newspapers.

  11. Question for social science? • What should Utah Power do to make up for the discomfort some customers felt during recent power outages? • What proportion of Salt Lake City residents are satisfied with Utah Power’s messages regarding recent power outages? • For people who are afraid of public speaking, will more training reduce fear?

  12. What Way of Knowing? • I don’t know why, but I just know I trust John completely. • The U.S. Society of Surgeons stated that communication among Burmese monks is inappropriate. • The Earth is our Mother and she is caring for her children, even when we don’t see it. • Utah wildlife officials recommend that, if you encounter a cougar, don’t stare at it.

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