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EKT314/4 Electronic Instrumentation

EKT314/4 Electronic Instrumentation. Week 2 Chapter 2: Transducer. Review Last Lecture Introduction to Electronics Instrumentation. Complete Block Diagram. To digital controller / Computer interface. Signal. Digital Display. Transducer. Digital Printer. A2D Converter.

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EKT314/4 Electronic Instrumentation

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  1. EKT314/4Electronic Instrumentation Week 2 Chapter 2: Transducer

  2. Review Last LectureIntroduction to Electronics Instrumentation EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  3. Complete Block Diagram To digital controller / Computer interface Signal Digital Display Transducer Digital Printer A2D Converter Signal Conditioner Filter Digital Storage Tape Recorder Excitation Power Supply Controller Interface Analog Subsystem Oscilloscope Micro-processor Analog Display Oscillograph To Process Control System XY Plotter D2A Converter EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  4. Block Diagram - Review Simplified Block Diagram EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  5. Process Control Overview Block Diagram Intro to EI Engineering Analysis Terminology Application EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  6. Application Area: Engineering Analysis • Engineering Analysis • To validate new design of structure, component or system by theoritical and experimental approach

  7. Engineering Analysis Overview Block Diagram Intro to EI Terminology Application Process Control EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  8. Application Area: Process Control • Process Control • Monitoring process: provide real-time data that allow operator to respond. • Automatic process: provide real-time feedback data to the control system.

  9. Motivation & Definition The word 'sensor' is derived from entire meaning 'to perceive' and 'transducer' is derived from transducer meaning 'to lead across'. device that detects a change in a physical stimulus and turns it into a signal which can be measured or recorded; EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  10. Motivation & Definition • definition of 'transducer' is 'a device that transfers power from one system to another in the same or in the different form'. • A sensible distinction is to use 'sensor' for the sensing element itself and 'transducer' for the sensing element plus any associated circuitry. • All transducers would thus contain a sensor and most (though not all) sensors would also be transducers.[1] [1]http://www.mfg.mtu.edu/cyberman/machtool/machtool/sensors/intro.html EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  11. Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  12. Computer Science Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  13. Physics Computer Science Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  14. Physics Transducer Computer Science EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  15. Physics Finite State Transducer Computer Science EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  16. Physics Computer Science Finite State Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  17. Physics Definition Computer Science Finite State Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  18. Classification Physics Definition Computer Science Finite State Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  19. Classification Applications Physics Definition Computer Science Finite State Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  20. Classification Applications Physics Computer Science Finite State Definition Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  21. Definition • Transducer is a device that converts one type of energy to another. • Energy types include (but are not limited to) electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic (including light), chemical, acoustic or thermal energy. • The term transducer commonly implies the use of a sensor/detector, any device which converts energy can be considered a transducer. • Transducers are widely used in measuring instruments. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  22. Definition – Block Diagram Source - http://www.instrumentationtoday.com/2011/07/ EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  23. Definition – Block Diagram Sensing Element The physical quantity or its rate of change is sensed and responded to by this part of the transistor. Source - http://www.instrumentationtoday.com/2011/07/ EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  24. Definition – Block Diagram Sensing Element The physical quantity or its rate of change is sensed and responded to by this part of the transistor. Transduction Element The output of the sensing element is passed on to the transduction element. This element is responsible for converting the non-electrical signal into its proportional electrical signal. Source - http://www.instrumentationtoday.com/2011/07/ EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  25. Definition – Selection • Selection depends on the physical quantity to be measured. • Depends on the best transducer principle for the given physical input. • Depends on the order of accuracy to be obtained. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  26. Applications Physics Definition Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  27. Applications Physical Physics Definition Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  28. Applications Behavior Physical Physics Definition Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  29. Applications Behavior Conversion Physical Physics Definition Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  30. Applications Behavior Conversion Application Physical Physics Definition Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  31. Applications Behavior Conversion Application Physical Physics Definition Active-Passive Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  32. Applications Behavior Conversion Application Physics Definition Active-Passive Physical Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  33. Applications Behavior Conversion Application Mechanical Physics Definition Active-Passive Physical Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  34. Applications Behavior Conversion Application Mechanical Electrical Physics Definition Active-Passive Physical Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  35. Applications Behavior Conversion Application Mechanical Electrical Physics Definition Active-Passive Physical Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  36. Mechanical Transducer • Mechanical elements that are used for converting one form of energy into other form. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  37. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Classification Electrical Physical Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  38. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer Elastic elements that convert the air pressure into displacement, and it is commonly used for the measurement of pressure. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  39. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer This elastic tube converts air pressure to the rotary motion of the pointer used to indicate the pressure. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  40. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer Spring Limit Sensor The spring tend to expand when force is applied to them, thus they are used for the measurement of force. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  41. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer Like the springs the proving rings also convert applied force to the displacement. Used for compression and Tension Measurements EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  42. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical YOKOGAWA EJX438A Diaphragm Sealed Gauge Pressure Transmitter Transducer It converts applied pressure to the displacement. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  43. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer Converts the applied pressure into variable displacement of the liquid within it enabling to measure the pressure. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  44. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer Produces electric current when one of its end is heated enabling us to measure the temperature. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  45. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer Bimetallic strips comprising of two different metals having different coefficient of thermal expansion, joint together to indicates the temperature. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  46. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer These include devices like orifice, venturi, pitot tube, vanes and turbines that are used for measurement of pressure, velocity, flow rate and force of water. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  47. Source - http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/41946.aspx Bellows Bourdon Tube Spring Proving Rings Diaphragm Manometer Thermocouple Bimetals Hydro-pneumatic Mechanical Electrical Classification Physical Transducer Apart from the mechanical transducers mentioned above there are many others like seismic mass, pendulum scale, float etc. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  48. Mechanical Transducer • Most of the mechanical transducers are used as the primary transducers, meaning the initial input is applied to them, while the output obtained from them can be used directly to measure the quantity or it can be given as input to the secondary transducer, which are mostly of electrical type. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  49. Mechanical Applications Behavior Conversion Application Electrical Physics Definition Active-Passive Physical Classification Transducer EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

  50. Electrical Transducer • The transducers that convert the mechanical input signals of the physical quantity into electrical output signals. • The input given can be in the form of the displacement, strain, velocity, temperature, flow etc and the output obtained from them can be in the form of current, voltage and change in resistance, inductance and capacitance. • The output can be measured easily and it is calibrated against the input, thus enabling the measurement of the value of the input. EKT314/4 - Electronic Instrumentation

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