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Lower Evaluation

Lower Evaluation . The Knee. Anatomy: Bones. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Posterior Cruciate Ligament Medial Collateral Ligament Lateral Collateral Ligament Meniscus. Anatomy :Ligaments. Quadriceps Rectus Femoris Vastus Medialis Vastus Medialis Oblique Vastus Lateralis Hamstrings

matthew-schultz
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Lower Evaluation

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  1. Lower Evaluation The Knee

  2. Anatomy: Bones

  3. Anterior Cruciate Ligament • Posterior Cruciate Ligament • Medial Collateral Ligament • Lateral Collateral Ligament • Meniscus Anatomy :Ligaments

  4. Quadriceps • Rectus Femoris • VastusMedialis • VastusMedialis Oblique • VastusLateralis • Hamstrings • Biceps Femoris • Semi-Membranosis • Semi-Tendinosis • Abductory Muscles • Illiotibial Band • Sartorius • Etc. • Adductor Muscles • Gracilis • Adductor Magnus Anatomy: Muscles

  5. Muscles

  6. The all too infamous ACL Sprain • PRICE • If a grade 3, then surgery Injuries

  7. PCL Sprain • PRICE • In some cases c grade 3, surgery Injuries

  8. LCL Sprain • PRICE • Surgery if grade three • Simple rehabilitation Injuries

  9. MCL sprain • PRICE • Surgery if grade three • Simple rehabilitation • Heals faster than LCL because of blood supply Injuries

  10. Meniscus Tear • PRICE • No real way to fix other than surgery Injuries

  11. STRAIN • SAME AS THE FOOT/ANKLE Injuries

  12. Fracture • PRICE • Surgery Injuries

  13. Arthritis • No fix • If bad enough, then knee replacement Injuries

  14. Contusion • Bruise • PRICE • If no compression, then can calcify Injuries

  15. Plica • Usually goes away after adolescence • Some have to have surgery for removal Injuries

  16. Tendonitis • RICE • Modify workout routine Injuries

  17. Bursitis • PRICE • Sometimes may need to be drained if infected Injuries

  18. Fat Pad Contusion • RICE Injuries

  19. Compartment Syndrome • Most of the time will result in surgery • Tingling sensation followed by pain Injuries

  20. Dislocations/Subluxations • PRICE • Reduction via surgery Injuries

  21. Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome • RICE • May need to change shoes Injuries

  22. Osgood Schlatter • Repeated avulsion of the patellar tendon at the tibial tuberosity • Repeated strain on the patellar tendon Injuries

  23. Osteochondral Knee Fx • Fx of articular cartilage and underlying bone on the WB surface of the tibia, femur, or under the patella and creates fragments of the bone and/or cartilage that vary in size and depth • Results from rotation/direct trauma that compressed the cartilage b/w the Medial/Lateral femoral condyles and the tibial plateau Injuries

  24. OsteochondritisDissecans • Painful condition involving partial/complete separation of a piece of articular cartilage and subchondral bone • AKA joint mice • Exact cause if unknown Injuries

  25. Peroneal Nerve Contusion • Compression of the peroneal nerve • Behind the neck of the fibula • Direct blow/kick Injuries

  26. Chondromalacia Patella • Softening and deterioration of the articular cartilage on the back of the patella • 3 stages • 1: swelling/softening of the cartilage • 2: fissuring of the softened cartilage • 3: deformation of the surface of the cartilage by fragmentation Injuries

  27. Larsen-Johansson Disease • Repeated avulsion of the patellar tendon at the inferior pole of the patella • Excessive repeated strain on the patellar tendon Injuries

  28. PRICE

  29. Anterior Drawer • ACL sprain Special Tests

  30. Posterior Drawer Test • PCL Special Tests

  31. Posterior Sag Test (Godfrey’s) • PCL Special Tests

  32. Lachman’s Test • ACL Special Tests

  33. Valgus Stress Test • MCL • Varus Stress Test • LCL Special Tests

  34. Apprehension Test • Patella Dislocation Special Tests

  35. Pivot Shift Test • ACL Special Tests

  36. Patellar Tendon Rupture Test • Self explanatory Special Tests

  37. Apley’s Distraction/Compression Test • Meniscus tear/ faking Special Tests

  38. McMurray’s Test • Meniscal lesion Special Tests

  39. Thessaly’s Test • Meniscal lesion Special Tests

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