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Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. George Chen Pd. 3 APES Mr. Bodas 30 April, 2012. SMCRA. Introduced in HoR : Jan. 4 1977 Passed HoR : Apr. 29 1977 Passed Sen : May 20 1977 Signed POTUS Carter: Aug. 3 1977 -> Federal Law Amended: 1990, 2006

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Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

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  1. Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 George Chen Pd. 3 APES Mr. Bodas 30 April, 2012

  2. SMCRA • Introduced in HoR: Jan. 4 1977 • Passed HoR: Apr. 29 1977 • Passed Sen: May 20 1977 • Signed POTUS Carter: Aug. 3 1977 -> Federal Law • Amended: 1990, 2006 • Purpose: regulating coal mines, reclaiming abandoned coal mines consistent across the entire country • Cooperative Federalism: Federal laws enforced by state regulators • Exceptions: Tennessee, Washington are overseen by Office of Surface Mining not state programs • Established Abandoned Mine Land fund: tax on coal mined by ton to help cleanup abandoned mines overseen by Office of Surface Mining

  3. Cont. • Est. “Standards of Performance”: environmental standards strip mining operations must follow • Permitting: companies must apply for permits before mining • Outline what lands conditions are, what proposed mining/reclamation will be, how mine will meet Standards of Performance • Bonding: Mining companies must pay a bond cost that will cover cost of reclaiming land before operations to ensure that if company goes out of business, land can still be reclaimed • Inspection, Enforcement: Inspectors may issue “notices of violation” to mining companies during operations and will be fined, or told to cease operations • Land Restrictions: no mining on National Parks, wilderness areas, citizens may challenge mining operations on basis of too much environmental harm

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