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Participatory Rural Appraisal

Participatory Rural Appraisal. A description of some techniques. P?R?A?. P is the participation, and build on what is called RRA, Rapid Rural Appraisal. The idea is that PRA is more focused on empowering communities, RRA is more focused on getting information.

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Participatory Rural Appraisal

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  1. Participatory Rural Appraisal A description of some techniques

  2. P?R?A? • P is the participation, and build on what is called RRA, Rapid Rural Appraisal. The idea is that PRA is more focused on empowering communities, RRA is more focused on getting information. • The distinction is not hard and fast. • R is rural, and most of the early work was rural but there is nothing necessarily rural about the methods. • A is for appraisal, as there is some sense that it is a tool for information gathering and making decisions • RRA is more in line with gathering information for a development intervention and PRA is more about general community prioritizing.

  3. Why do people do PRA? • One reason is a reaction to ‘development tourism’, where you go out, ask questions, and use that to influence policy / programming. • Another reason is that you can gather information that influences policy / programming at a lower cost than a random sample survey. • Argument that the process is inherently empowering.

  4. Local Time Line • Lets you gather historical information that may be important. • Gives you a way to express when things occurred / ask questions in a way that is more likely to be understood. • Illustrates something about how life is experienced in the community by what is highlighted. • Lining up with our calendar may take systematic work • Seasons rather than months may be relevant • Lunar months / calendars present issues.

  5. Technique One

  6. Time Lines

  7. Time Trends • Use weighting to estimate trends over time. • Can use stones or beans. • Land use patterns are often discussed using this approach. • My experience is that things rarely get ‘better’ with this approach.

  8. Time Trends

  9. Seasonal Calendar • Good for identifying when is a good time / bad time for introducing something labor intense • Can use to reveal sub-group (age / gender / ethnic/…) differences.

  10. Seasonal Calendar

  11. Daily Calendar by Gender / Season

  12. Spatial Techniques • Maps of the community. • What do they draw and in what order? • What is ‘big’ and what is ‘small’? • What is not drawn?

  13. Story with a gap

  14. Representative Family • Cutouts of babies, young children boys and girls, teenage boys and girls, adult males and females, elderly males and females. • Build for me a poor / middle / wealthy family from this community. • How will the proposed intervention impact different people within this household • Will this impact be different if we modify the intervention?

  15. Resource Bag

  16. Venn Diagrams

  17. Pairwise Ranking

  18. Plan to Act on Findings

  19. References • FAO (2009) Participatory Rural Appraisal Manual http://www.rlc.fao.org/en/publications/pra-manual/ • Mwarasomba, L.I. (1995) Nomadic Pastoral Appraisal, Republic of Kenya. • PARIMA, (2001) A PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL REPORTOF THERENDILLE COMMUNITY OF MARSABIT DISTRICTAT KARGIJANUARY 21ST – 27TH2001 • PRA Training Workshop (1993). Toward Partnership in Development: A Handbook for PRA Practitioners. • World Bank, http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/participatory-rural-appraisal

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