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The COSMIC-2 Mission: Opportunities for Heliophysics

The COSMIC-2 Mission: Opportunities for Heliophysics. Contributors: Anthony Mannucci and Bruce Tsurutani Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Ying- Hwa (Bill) Kuo , William Schreiner University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Meeting Agenda. Summary.

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The COSMIC-2 Mission: Opportunities for Heliophysics

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  1. The COSMIC-2 Mission:Opportunities for Heliophysics Contributors: Anthony Mannucci and Bruce Tsurutani Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Ying-Hwa (Bill) Kuo, William Schreiner University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  2. Meeting Agenda Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  3. Summary • COSMIC-2 mission is on track for launch in 2016 (USAF, NOAA, Taiwan) • COSMIC-2 data will contribute to high priority science objectives of the Decadal Survey • AIMI3: “Understand how forcing from the lower atmosphere via tidal, planetary, and gravity waves, influences the ionosphere and thermosphere.” • Aligned with DRIVE initiative and AIMI Imperative 2 • “Provide a broad and robust range of space-based, suborbital, and groundbased capabilities that enable frequent measurements of the AIM system from a variety of platforms, categories of cost, and levels of risk.” • We suggest that NASA leverage COSMIC-2 to advance Heliophysics objectives Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  4. Outline • The COSMIC-2/FORMOSAT-7 mission • The opportunity • Addressing Decadal Survey priorities • Discussion Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  5. Why COSMIC-2/FORMOSAT-7? • COSMIC-1/FORMOSAT-3 and C/NOFS successfully demonstrated the value of radio occultation for meeting AF operational needs • AF procures systems that meet measurement requirements (e.g. NPOESS “Key Performance Parameters”) Excerpt of electron density parameters key performance parameters Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  6. COSMIC-2 Mission • Six satellites, 24 degrees inclination, 520 km altitude • Launch in 2016 • Remote sensing (radio occultation) and in-situ payloads measuring multiple plasma parameters and electric fields • 100% duty cycle • 5-year mission life Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  7. COSMIC-2 Orbits • 520 km altitude, circular orbit • Continuous in-situ data • Six satellites • NSPO (Taiwan) constellation trade Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  8. Radio Occultation Coverage COSMIC-2/FORMOSAT-7 Occultations – 3 Hrs Coverage Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  9. COSMIC-2: Compelling Science For Heliophysics “AIMI Science Priority 2: Understand how tropospheric weather influences space weather.” • C-2 simultaneously measures tropospheric and stratospheric waves and ionospheric densities in the E- and F-region ionosphere • C-2 continuously samples vertical ion drifts and irregularities near the F-region peak • Potentially highest low-latitude sampling among the proposed Heliophysics missions Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  10. The next 3 slides are taken from ToshitakaTsuda’s Presentations on the EQUARS Satellite Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  11. Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling at Low Latitudes Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  12. Comparison of a temperature profile between GPS/MET and a nearby radiosonde (Indonesia) RMS Difference Upper Troposphere 　 ～ 1 K Stratosphere 　～ 2 K (Fluctuations due to Atmospheric Waves) (6.9S,107.6E) ⇒ ● Detailed temperature structure near the tropopause ⇒ Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  13. Longitude Distribution of temperature variance, water vapor and surface topography at 5-25S on February 2-16, 1997 ← Maximum of Ne perturbations in the MLT region (80-120 km) ← Temperature variance at 22-28 km (solid) and 32-38 km (dot) ← Water vapor pressure at 6 km from GPS/MET (solid) and ECMWF (dot) ← Mean height of surface topography at 5-25S ←Number of occultation events from GPS/MET South America Africa Indonesia Good correlation between ΔNe, Ep and humidity is recognized. Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  14. Potential of COSMIC-2 Science • Preliminary data using radio occultation and other instruments clearly suggests evidence of meteorological control of the ionosphere • COSMIC-2 should be further investigated as a major Heliophysics resource Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  15. COSMIC-2 Payloads • Radio occultation instrument based on NASA/JPL TriG (primary payload) • Precise ionospheric TEC measurements • Electron density profile retrievals • Space science payloads • Langmuir probe (electron density, fluctuations, temperature)* • Ion velocity meter (electric fields, ion composition, temperature and density)* • Beacon transmitter (ionospheric irregularities, UHF and L-band scintillations) *DYNAMIC carries similar instruments Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  16. Low-Earth Orbiter GPS Radio Occultation Remote Sensing Electron Density Profile COSMIC coverage 3000 profiles/day Six-satellite COSMIC constellation Launch April 2006 Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  17. COSMIC-2 Measurements The potential value of these measurements to Heliophysics science should be investigated Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  18. The COSMIC-2 Science Opportunity • COSMIC-2 Level 1 requirements are derived from operational considerations • Measurement objectives well defined • Operational centers will be ready to receive the data • The measurements have significant science value: COSMIC-2 can provide insights on a high priority Decadal science question, yet • There is no COSMIC-2 infrastructure for science Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  19. Potential Way Forward • NASA responds to Decadal “DRIVE” initiative and AIMI imperative • Diversify, small satellites, interagency cooperation • NASA convene a “science definition team” to determine science questions that can be addressed by COSMIC-2 • If sufficiently compelling, develop an approach to deliver NASA quality science from COSMIC-2 • Leverage existing measurement requirements • Form competitively selected science teams to deliver science data and answer science questions • Guest investigator opportunities • Low cost, high impact Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  20. The Benefits of COSMIC-2 to Heliophysics • COSMIC-2 science potential is highly relevant to Decadal priorities • Expand the Heliophysics Observatory with six additional satellites • Reduces risk and increases science return from DYNAMIC Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

  21. Summary • COSMIC-2 mission is on track for launch in 2016 (USAF, NOAA, Taiwan) • COSMIC-2 data will contribute to high priority science objectives of the Decadal Survey • AIMI3: “Understand how forcing from the lower atmosphere via tidal, planetary, and gravity waves, influences the ionosphere and thermosphere.” • Aligned with DRIVE initiative and AIMI Imperative 2 • “Provide a broad and robust range of space-based, suborbital, and groundbased capabilities that enable frequent measurements of the AIM system from a variety of platforms, categories of cost, and levels of risk.” • We suggest that NASA leverage COSMIC-2 to advance Heliophysics objectives Tony Mannucci & Bruce Tsurutani/JPL

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