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Windows 2008 Overview

Windows 2008 Overview. Lecture 1. Windows Networking Evolution. Windows for Workgroups – peer-to-peer networking built into the OS Windows NT – separate server and client versions, emphasis on client/server model, improved security, NTFS

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Windows 2008 Overview

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  1. Windows 2008 Overview Lecture 1

  2. Windows Networking Evolution • Windows for Workgroups – peer-to-peer networking built into the OS • Windows NT – separate server and client versions, emphasis on client/server model, improved security, NTFS • Windows 2000 – improved interface, reliability and manageability, Active Directory • Windows 2003 – server only, “face-lift” -improved interface and management features • Windows 2008 – improved security, management features, reliability • Window 2012 – improved virtualization, security, new file system (ReFS)

  3. Windows 2008 Platforms: • Windows 2008 Server Standard Edition- 32 or 64-bit versions, up to 4GB/32GB RAM • Windows 2008 Server Enterprise Edition - up to 64GB of RAM (32-bit version) or 2TB RAM (64-bit version), Hot Add Memory, fault tolerant memory sync, clustering, unlimited remote users • Windows 2008 Server Datacenter Edition - up to 64 GB of RAM (32-bit) OR up to 2TB RAM (64-bit), up to 64 SMP, hot-add memory, hot-add processor, hot-replace processor, Hyper-V • Windows 2008 Server Web Edition - optimized for IIS, up to 4GB (32-bit) or up to 32 GB (64-bit), can’t host AD, no Hyper-V • Windows 2008 Server for Itanium-based Systems- up to 512 SMP, up to 2TB of RAM, hot-add memory, hot-add and hot-replace processor, clustering (no longer an option in Server 2012) • Also available: Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter editions without Hyper-V

  4. Windows Server 2008 Features • Server Manager • Security • Clustering • Enhanced Web services • Windows Server Core • Windows PowerShell • Virtualization • Reliability • Multitasking and multithreading

  5. Server Manager • Manage configuration from one tool • View computer configuration information • Change properties of a system • View network connections • Configure Remote Desktop • Configure security • Configure server roles • Add and remove features • Run diagnostics • Manage storage and backup

  6. Security • Network Access Protection (NAP) • Umbrella of security protection features • Capabilities • Security implemented by default • Security Configuration Wizard (SCW) • Simplifies security configuration • Other basic security features

  7. Clustering and Clustering Tools • Testing • Migrate configuration settings • Quick configuration and troubleshooting • Storage configuration • Performance and reliability • Security

  8. Enhanced Web Services • Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) • Enhanced security • Easier application of patches • Easier for programmers to write and configure Web applications • Better management tools: IIS Manager

  9. Windows Server Core • Minimum server configuration • Advantages: • No GUI overhead • Less disk space and memory needed • Smaller attack surface • Interact with server via command line

  10. Windows PowerShell • Command-line interface that offers a shell • Perform common administration tasks • Use cmdlets • 130 command line-tools • Scripting language

  11. Virtualization • Hyper-V provides the ability to run two or more operating systems on a single computer • Capabilities: • Compatible with clustering • Able to handle up to a four-processor SMP computer • Can be used with Windows and Linux operating systems • Enables fast migration from one computer to another • Can house 64-bit and 32-bit operating

  12. Reliability • OS/Kernel runs in privileged mode • Core programs; computer code of operating system • Extra level of security • Protected processes • Computer program or portion of program • Protects premature interruption • Management features: • Server Manager • Wizards • Windows Reliability and Performance Monitor

  13. Windows 2008 Networking Model • Peer-to-peer networking (workgroup) • Spreads resource administration among server and nonserver members of network • Used by small businesses • Server-based networking (domain) • Centralizes network administration on servers • Used by medium and large networks

  14. Peer-to-Peer • Workgroup – logical grouping of network devices for resource sharing; peer-to-peer arrangement; decentralized • No special computer needed • Disadvantages: • Network management decentralized • Security is responsibility of each user • Less effective as number of workstations exceeds 10

  15. Peer-to-Peer Networking- Workgroup model

  16. Server-based • Domain– logical grouping of network devices for resource sharing; centralized • Single server can act as file and print server, Web server, network administration server, database server, e-mail server • Can handle many users at once • Advantages • Single log on • Stronger security • Sharing of files and resources

  17. Server-based Networking Model

  18. Protocols for the Windows Server 2008 Networking Model • Protocol sets guidelines for: • Data formatting into packets and frames • Data transmission • Interpretation of packets and frames • Packets and frames • Units of data transmitted from a sending computer to a receiving computer

  19. Protocols for the Windows Server 2008 Networking Model • Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) • Suite of protocols and utilities that support communication across LANs and the Internet • Local area network (LAN) • Network of computers in relatively close proximity • TCP/IP used for several reasons

  20. Internet Protocol (cont’d.) • IP addressing • Dotted decimal notation • 32 bits long • Four fields • Example: 129.5.10.100 • Broadcast • Sends communication to all points on network • Subnet mask • Used to show class of addressing and to divide network into subnets

  21. Internet Protocol (cont’d.) • Static addressing • Assign permanent IP address • Gives consistency for monitoring • Can be laborious for large networks • Dynamic addressing • IP address assigned during logon • Uses the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

  22. Internet Protocol (cont’d.) • Default gateway • IP address of the router that has a connection to other networks • Name resolution • Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain and computer names to IP addresses • NetBIOS names • Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) server resolves NetBIOS names to IP addresses • Host names • Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS)

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