Interference Detection & Mitigation

1. National Space-BasedPositioning, Navigation,and Timing (PNT)Federal Advisory BoardDHS Challenges & OpportunitiesCaptain Curtis Dubay, P.E.Department of Homeland SecurityU. S. Coast GuardMarch 29, 2007

2. Interference Detection & Mitigation • Consistent with the 2004 Policy DHS is focusing planning efforts to: • Coordinate U.S. capabilities to identify, analyze, locate, attribute, and mitigate sources of interference to the GPS and its augmentations; • Collect, analyze, store, and disseminate interference reports from all sources to enable appropriate investigation, notification and/or enforcement action; • Develop and maintain capabilities, procedures and techniques, and routinely exercise civil contingency responses to ensure continuity of operations in the event that access to the GPS is disrupted or denied.

3. Phases of Interference Detection and Mitigation Implementation • Baseline - compile a comprehensive catalog of existing authorities, capabilities and processes. • Identify gaps or deficiencies in capabilities, authorities, or procedures. • Integrate - formalize a comprehensive national protocol to prevent, respond to, or recover from incidents of interference or loss of PNT services • Exercise – protocols, capabilities, and resiliency will be tested through a progressive exercise program • Develop/Improve – capability/ technology development, test and evaluation of newly fielded capabilities, and development of requirements and standards, and continuous improvement through an annual review process

4. National Infrastructure Protection Plan • Includes PNT: • DHS works with other Federal departments and agencies to identify and help protect those positioning, navigation, and timing services, such as global positioning systems (GPS), that are critical enablers for CI/KR sectors such as Banking and Finance and Telecommunications. (page 22) • Space-based and terrestrial positioning, navigation, and timing services are a component of multiple CI/KR sectors. These services underpin almost every aspect of transportation across all its various modes. (page 35)

5. GPS and the Critical Infrastructure Postal and Shipping Electric Power Emergency Services Chemical and Hazardous Materials Information and Telecommunications Transportation Food and Agriculture Defense Industrial Base PublicHealth Water Banking and Finance

6. National Framework

7. GPS Interference Resolution Partners • DHS partnered across government to baseline current authorities, capabilities, and limitations • General Capabilities (Major Nodes) • Air Force Space Command GPS Operations Center • USCG Navigation Center • FAA National Operations Control Center • Federal Communications Commission • National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) • Recent additions • National Communications System (NCS)National Coordination Center for Telecommunications (NCC) • DoD Joint Navigation Warfare Center

8. Challenges • Complex array of overlapping authorities, capabilities, and procedures. • Extent of U.S. GPS dependence is difficult to quantify • Most end-users and service providers do not control all of the assets upon which they depend. • IDM planning builds resiliency into protection efforts

10. Back-Ups • Identify space-based positioning, navigation, and timing requirements for homeland security purposes to the Secretary of Transportation, and coordinate the use of positioning, navigation, and timing capabilities and backup systems for homeland security purposes by Federal, State, and local governments and authorities;

11. Back-Ups • In coordination with the Secretary of Transportation, and with other Departments and Agencies, promote the use of the Global Positioning System positioning and timing standards for use by Federal agencies, and by State and local authorities responsible for public safety and emergency response;

12. Back-Ups • In coordination with the Secretary of Defense, and in cooperation with the Secretaries of Transportation and Commerce, ensure: • Mechanisms are in place to identify, understand, and disseminate timely information regarding threats associated with the potential hostile use of space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services within the United States; and • Procedures are developed, implemented, and routinely exercised to request assistance from the Secretary of Defense should it become necessary to deny hostile use of space-based position, navigation and timing services within the United States;

13. Back-Ups • In coordination with the Secretaries of Defense, Transportation, and Commerce, develop and maintain capabilities, procedures, and techniques, and routinely exercise civil contingency responses to ensure continuity of operations in the event that access to the Global Positioning System is disrupted or denied;

14. Back-Ups • In coordination with the Secretaries of Transportation and Defense, and in cooperation with other Departments and Agencies, coordinate the use of existing and planned Federal capabilities to identify, locate, and attribute any interference within the United States that • adversely affects use of the Global Positioning System and its augmentations for homeland security, civil, commercial, and scientific purposes; and • In coordination with the Secretaries of Transportation and Defense, and the Director of Central Intelligence, and in cooperation with other Departments and Agencies: (1) develop a central repository and database for reports of domestic and international interference to the civil services of the Global Positioning System and its augmentations for homeland security, civil, commercial, and scientific purposes; and (2) notify promptly the Administrator, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, the Secretary of Defense, the Director of Central Intelligence, and other Departments and Agencies in cases of domestic or international interference with space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services to enable appropriate investigation, notification, and/or enforcement action.