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Peripheral Interfaces

Peripheral Interfaces. list of available interfaces. 1. Serial 2. Parallel 3. ATA/IDE 4. Serial ATA 5. SCSI 6. USB 7. Firewire 8. Infrared serial 9. Joystick port. The serial port.

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Peripheral Interfaces

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  1. Peripheral Interfaces

  2. list of available interfaces 1.Serial 2.Parallel 3.ATA/IDE 4.Serial ATA 5.SCSI 6.USB 7.Firewire 8.Infrared serial 9.Joystick port

  3. The serial port • The serial port is a low-speed peripherals port designed for devices that don't need to transfer a lot of data, like mice or modems. • The port is "serial" because data bits are transmitted one at a time. • The international standard for serial ports is called RS-232. • Serial ports are still used for external modems, PDAs/palmtops, and occasionally mice or game controllers, but these devices are rapidly converting to the newer Universal Serial Bus (USB). • If your computer supports USB, a USB version of a device is highly preferable to the serial port version for long-term compatibility.

  4. The serial port

  5. The serial port

  6. The serial port, UARTs Chip#speed 8250 9600 bps 16550 115 kbps 16550 230 kbps 16750 460 kbps • You can find out what UART is installed in your PC by running MSD.EXE in the DOS mode. • You can find MSD.EXE in Win98/Me/2000 CD-ROM /tools/ folder. • Try shareware version of SiSoft Sandra - http://www.sisoftware.co.uk/sandra/html/dload.htm

  7. Enhanced Serial Port (ESP) or Super ESP

  8. The serial port Configuaration

  9. The parallel port • The parallel port is the wide 25-pin port on the back of the computer which is used to communicate with printers and some other peripheral devices. • There are several different parallel port standards, including • SPP (standard parallel port), • Bidirectional, • EPP ("enhanced parallel port") and • ECP ("extended capabilities port"). • Most modern computers can support any of these standards via a user-selectable option in the BIOS setup. • For maximum compatibility, always set the parallel port standard to match the standards supported by your devices, and never attach more than two devices to the same parallel port.

  10. IEEE 1284, parallel port standard

  11. The parallel port

  12. parallel port types

  13. PS/2 typeparallel port • Bidirectional type is also known as PS/2 type or Extended type.

  14. IDE, Integrated Drive Electronics • IDE stands for Integrated Drive Electronics. • Most consumer storage devices, like hard disks and CD-ROMs, use the IDE interface to communicate with the computer. • PC compatible computers typically have two IDE interface controllers, and each controller can support two devices. • Storage product manufacturers have confused matters by trademarking their own names for the IDE interface, calling it ATA, UDMA, or EIDE. • Although they may differ in performance details, they are all intercompatible.

  15. IDE/ATA • Usually these devices connect to the computer through an Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) interface. • Essentially, an IDE interface is a standard way for a storage device to connect to a computer. • IDE is actually not the true technical name for the interface standard. • The original name, AT Attachment (ATA), signified that the interface was initially developed for the IBM AT computer.

  16. IDE • Also Known As: ATA, UDMA, EIDE, UDMA/33, ATA/66, ATA/100, ATAPI

  17. ATA generations ATA-1 8.33 MB/s ATA-2 16.67 MB/s ATA-3 16.67 MB/s ATA/ATAPI-4, Ultra-ATA/33 33 MB/s UDMA ATA/ATAPI-5, Ultra-ATA/66 66 MB/s UDMA ATA/ATAPI-6, ATA/100 100 MB/s UDMA

  18. ATA generations

  19. ATAPI • ATA-4: Probably the two biggest additions to the standard in this version are Ultra DMA support and the integration of the AT Attachment Program Interface (ATAPI) standard. • ATAPI provides a common interface for CD-ROM drives, tape backup drives and other removable storage devices. • Before ATA-4, ATAPI was a completely separate standard. • With the inclusion of ATAPI, ATA-4 immediately improved the removable media support of ATA. • Ultra DMA increased the DMA transfer rate from ATA-2's 16.67 MB/sec to 33.33 MB/sec. • In addition to the existing cable that uses 40 pins and 40 conductors (wires), this version introduces a cable that has 80 conductors. • The other 40 conductors are ground wires interspersed between the standard 40 conductors to improve signal quality. • ATA-4 is also known as Ultra DMA, Ultra ATA and Ultra ATA/33.

  20. ATAPI • ATAPI stands for ATAPacket Interface. • It's a variation on the IDE (also called ATA) interface used for hard disks, which is specially designed to accomodate removable media devices like CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, CD writers and tape drives.

  21. ATA Connectors and Cables

  22. ATA generations

  23. ATA generations

  24. ATA generations ATA-1 8.33 MB/s ATA-2 16.67 MB/s ATA-3 16.67 MB/s ATA/ATAPI-4, Ultra-ATA/33 33 MB/s UDMA ATA/ATAPI-5, Ultra-ATA/66 66 MB/s UDMA ATA/ATAPI-6, ATA/100 100 MB/s UDMA

  25. Serial ATA • High Speed Serialized AT Attachment

  26. Serial ATA • http://www.explosivelabs.com/articles/sata/

  27. Demultiplexing

  28. Serial ATA Connectors

  29. Serial ATA Connectors • (a) device signal plug segment or connector; • (b) device power plug segment or connector; • (c) signal cable receptacle connector, to be mated with (a); • (d) power cable receptacle connector, to be mated with (b); • (e) signal cable receptacle connector, to be mated with (f), the host signal plug connector; • (g) host receptacle connector mating directly with device plug connector (a) & (b). • Ref: Serial ATA 1.0 gold.pdf

  30. SATA Signal Cable and Connector

  31. SATA Signal Direct Connector

  32. SATA Generations

  33. Parallel ATA vs. Serial ATA Parallel ATA Serial ATA Bandwidth 100/133 MB/Secs 150/300/600 MB/Secs Volts 5V 250mV Pins 40 7 Length Limitation 18 inch (45.72cm) 1 meter (100cm) Cable Wide Thin Ventilation Bad Good Peer-to-Peer No Yes

  34. SCSI, Small Computer Systems Interface • It is a high-speed peripherals expansion port which provides support for up to 7 devices on a single connector. • SCSI is a complex and powerful standard; because of its high bandwidth, it can handle all sorts of devices including hard disks, CD-RW, scanners, removable drives, etc. • A few computers come with SCSI built-in, but it can be added with a modestly priced PCI card. • SCSI is comparable to the IDE, USB and parallel port standards, but it is more flexible and more capable than any one of them. • Only Firewire (IEEE 1394) offers comparable performance.

  35. SCSI Types, Data transfer rates & Cables

  36. SCSI Types, Data transfer rates & Cables LVD - Low Voltage Differential signaling; HVD - High voltage Differential signaling

  37. SCSI, Symbols

  38. SCSI, Low and High Density 50-pin Connectors

  39. SCSI, High density 68 & 80-pin Connectors

  40. DB-25 SCSI Connector

  41. Cross Section of typical SCSI Cable

  42. SCSI Terminators

  43. SCSI ID Settings 0 ~ 7

  44. SCSI Daisy chain connection: First & last device must be terminated

  45. External SCSI Device Terminator

  46. Internal SCSI Device Terminator

  47. USB & Firewire

  48. USB • USB stands for Universal Serial Bus, a new standard for connecting external devices like mice, keyboards, scanners and printers. • USB offers many benefits over traditional connection method, including thinner and cheaper cables, greater expandability (with the addition of a USB hub, a single USB controller can handle up to 125 devices) and greater speed. • To use USB, your computer needs integrated USB ports or a USB expansion card and Windows 98; Mac users require a Mac with USB and MacOS 8.1 or greater.

  49. USB

  50. USB Series-A and Series-B Plugs and Receptacles

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