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Chapter 4: The Integumentary System

Chapter 4: The Integumentary System. Word Origin . Skin “covers” the entire body Integumentum is Latin for “covering” . Structure of the Skin. Layers of the skin: Epidermis- outermost layer Dermis or corium- contains nerves, blood vessels, sebaceous and sudoriferous glands

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Chapter 4: The Integumentary System

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  1. Chapter 4: The Integumentary System

  2. Word Origin • Skin “covers” the entire body • Integumentum is Latin for “covering”

  3. Structure of the Skin • Layers of the skin: • Epidermis- outermost layer • Dermis or corium- contains nerves, blood vessels, sebaceous and sudoriferous glands • Subcutaneous- layer beneath the skin [Word roots for skin: derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o]

  4. Cross Section of the Skin

  5. Accessory Structures • Hair follicles- composed of keratin, a hard protein • Sebaceous or oil gland- secrete sebum • Sudoriferous or sweat gland- secrete watery fluid • Nails- non-living structures made of the protein keratin [Word roots: kerat/o (hard), seb/o (sebum), sudor/i (sweat)]

  6. Skin Lesions

  7. Skin Disorders • Inflammatory Conditions • Dermatitis- example: poison ivy has tiny pruritic (itchy) vesicles • Psoriasis- large erythematous plaques with silvery scales • Eczema- characterized by red, vesicular lesions • Scleroderma- taut, thick, and leather-like skin

  8. Skin Infections • Impetigo- caused by bacteria • Scabies- caused by egg-laying mite • Tinea- caused by fungus • Shingles (herpes zoster)- caused by a virus

  9. Burns • Superficial • Erythema, sunburn • Partial thickness • Blisters, erythema • Full thickness • Damage to the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layers, muscle and bone • May require skin grafts

  10. Skin Cancer • Sun exposure is the biggest cause of skin cancer • Melanoma is a common type of skin cancer

  11. Other Skin Disorders • Decubitus ulcer • Vitiligo • Paronychia • Alopecia

  12. Treatments • Biopsy • Cryotherapy • Debridement

  13. Pharmacology • Transdermal administration • Topical and local administration

  14. Pharmacology cont’d. • Topical drugs: • Antipruritic • Anti-inflammatory • Antifungal • Antiseptic • Antiviral • Scabicide

  15. Pharmacology cont’d. • Other medications used to treat skin conditions • Acne medication • Burn medication • Sedatives

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