1 / 44

QUESTIONS

QUESTIONS. YES / NO QUESTIONS QUESTION WORDS & WH- QUESTIONS TAG QUESTIONS NEGATIVE QUESTIONS REPLY QUESTIONS INDIRECT QUESTIONS QUESTIONING FIGURES. YES / NO QUESTIONS. A Yes /No question is a question which can be answered with Yes or No.

nerys
Download Presentation

QUESTIONS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. QUESTIONS

  2. YES / NO QUESTIONS • QUESTION WORDS & WH- QUESTIONS • TAG QUESTIONS • NEGATIVE QUESTIONS • REPLY QUESTIONS • INDIRECT QUESTIONS • QUESTIONING FIGURES

  3. YES / NO QUESTIONS A Yes/No question is a questionwhich can be answeredwithYesor No. Weform questionsbychangingtheposition of thesubjectandtheauxiliaryverb.

  4. We form questionswith “havegot” bychangingtheposition of thesubjectand “have” Iftherearetwoormoreauxiliaryverbs, wechangetheposition of thesubjectandthefirstauxiliary. (Eg. Has he beenwaiting?)

  5. Inthepresentsimpleandpastsimplethere is no auxiliaryverb, soweuse “do/does” in thepresentsimplequestionsand “did” in thepastsimplequestions.

  6. QUESTION WORDS WH- QUESTIONS Narrator: What do you do?Tyler Durden: What do youmean?Narrator: What do you do for a living?Tyler Durden: Why?Soyou can pretendlikeyou'reinterested?(FightClub, 1999)

  7. WHAT, WHO AND WHICH Weuse “what” with a nounorwithout a nounto ask mostlyaboutthings. Whatcolor is your car? Whatareyoutalkingabout? Wecan sometimesuse“what” to ask aboutpeople. Whatactors do youlike? Weuse “who” without a nounto ask aboutpeople. Who is yourfavouriteactor? Whotoldyouthenews?

  8. Weuse “which” withorwithout a nounto ask aboutthingsorpeoplewhenthere is a restrictedchoice. Whichcolor do youlikebest – red, blueoryellow? Weuse “whichone” instead of “who” or “what” whenthere is a restricredchoice. Whichone do youprefer - …. ….. …..? Wecan alsouse “which of …..” Whichof thesecolors do youlikebest?

  9. Weuse“whose” withorwithout a nounto ask aboutpossesion Whosebook is this? Whosearethese? WHERE, WHEN, WHY AND HOW Weuse “where” to ask aboutplace. Whereareyougoing on holiday? Weuse “when” to ask abouttime. Whenwereyouborn?

  10. Weuse “why” to ask aboutpurposeorreason. Whyareyoulate? Weuse “how” to ask “in whatway” Howdidyougethere? Wecan use “how” withadjectives(tall, old) andadverbs (often, well) andwith “much” and “many” Howoldareyou? Howmuchmoneyhaveyougotwithyou?

  11. TAG QUESTIONS YouspeakEnglish, don'tyou? A tagquestion is a specialconstruction in English. It is a statementfollowedby a mini-question. Thewholesentence is a "tagquestion", andthe mini-question at theend is called a "questiontag".

  12. Weusetagquestions at theend of statementsto ask forconfirmation. Theymeansomethinglike: "Am I right?" or "Do youagree?" Theyareverycommon in English. Thebasicstructure is:

  13. Look at theseexampleswithpositivestatements:

  14. Look at theseexampleswithnegativestatements:

  15. Somespecialcases:

  16. Herearesomemixedexamples: • But youdon'treallylove her, do you? • Thiswillwork, won't it? • Well, I couldn'thelp it, could I? • But you'lltellmeifshecalls, won'tyou? • We'dneverhaveknown, wouldwe? • Theweather'sbad, isn't it? • Youwon't be late, willyou? • Nobodyknows, do they?

  17. Containingwordssuch as “neither, no (adjective), none, no one, nobody, nothing, scarcely, barely, hardly, hardly ever, seldomaretreated as negativestatementsandfollowedby an ordinaryinterrogativetag. Peter hardly ever goestoparties, does he? Nothingwassaid, was it?

  18. Weoftenusetagquestionsto ask forinformationorhelp, startingwith a negativestatement. This is quite a friendly/politeway of making a request. Forexample, instead of saying "Where is thepolicestation?" (not verypolite), or "Do youknowwherethepolicestation is?" (slightlymorepolite), wecould say: "Youwouldn'tknowwherethepolicestation is, wouldyou?" Herearesomeexamples: • Youdon'tknow of anygoodjobs, do you? • Youcouldn'thelpmewithmyhomework, couldyou? • Youhaven'tgot $10 tolendme, haveyou?

  19. Intonation We can changethemeaning of a tagquestionwiththemusicalpitch of ourvoice. Withrisingintonation, it soundslike a realquestion. But ifourintonationfalls, it soundsmorelike a statementthatdoesn'trequire a realanswer:

  20. Sometimesweusequestiontagswithimperatives (invitations, orders), but thesentenceremains an imperativeanddoes not require a directanswer. Weusewon'tforinvitations. Weusecan, can't, will, wouldfororders.

  21. Same-wayquestiontags Althoughthebasicstructure of tagquestions is positive-negativeornegative-positive, it is sometimespossibletouse a positive-positiveornegative-negativestructure. Weusesame-wayquestiontagstoexpressinterest, surprise, angeretc, and not tomakerealquestions. • Soyou'rehaving a baby, areyou? That'swonderful! • Shewantstomarryhim, doesshe? Somechance! • Soyouthinkthat'samusing, do you? Thinkagain. Negative-negativetagquestionsusuallysoundratherhostile: • Soyoudon'tlikemylooks, don'tyou?

  22. NEGATIVE QUESTIONS Wenormally form negativequestionswiththecontraction“n’t” Weoftenusenegativequestionstoexpresssurprise, dissappointmentorannoyance. Don’tyousmoke? I thoughtyoudid. Hasn’tshefinishedtheletter yet? She’sbeentyping it allmorning! Negativequestionsarecommon in exclamations. Isn’tit a terribleday! Wealsousenegativequestionswhenwethinkweknowsomethingandweareaskingforconfirmation. AreyouSimonRobbinson?

  23. REPLY QUESTIONS I’mgoingtobednow? “Areyou?” Oh, goodnight, then. Thesereplyquestionsare not realquestions, theyoftenjustshowthatwearelistening. They can also Express interest, sympathy, surpriseoranger, depending on theintonation. Inreplyquestionsweusethesameauxiliaryverbthat is in thesentenceweareanswering.

  24. Weusepositivereplyquestionstoanswerpositivestatements, andnegativereplyquestionstoanswernegativestatements. But we can alsoanswer an affirmativesentenceusing a negativereplyquestionwith a fallingintonation. Thisexpressesemphaticaggrement. Itwas a fantastic film. “Yes, wasn’t it? I reallyenjoyed it.”

  25. INDIRECT QUESTIONS Whenwe ask peopleforinformation, wesometimesuse “indirect” questionsbeginningwith a phraselike Couldyoutellme … ?, Do youknow ….? or Can youremember……?

  26. Indirectquestionsarepolite, longerforms of normal questions. Forexample: - Where'sthedepartmentstore? - Directquestion- Couldyoutellmewherethedepartmentstore is, please? - Indirectquestion - What's his name? - Directquestion- Do youknowwhat his name is? - Indirectquestion

  27. Indirectquestionsareformed of twoparts: a politeexpression, and a questionwhich has no subject/verbinversionlike a normal question . Forexample: - What's his name? - Do youknowwhat his name is? - Indirectquestion Thereareinfinitewaystomakeindirectquestions. Not allindirectquestionsarequestions at all, rathertheyarepolitestatementswhichencouragesomekind of response.

  28. I wonderif/whether...? I can'trememberif/whether...? Couldyoutellmeif/whether...? Wouldyoumindtellingmeif/whether...? Wouldit be possibleforyouto...? Is thereanychanceyoucould...? I don'tsupposeyoucould... I'dliketoknowif/whether... I can'tremember...

  29. QUESTIONING FIGURES

  30. RHETORICAL QUESTIONS Rhetoricalquestionis a questionaskedmerelyforeffectwith no answerexpected. Theanswermay be obviousorimmediatelyprovidedbythequestioner. The purpose of this figure of speech is not to secure a response but to assert or deny a point implicitly. A rhetorical question may serve as a subtle way of insinuating an idea that might be challenged by an audience if asserted directly.

  31. Examples: • Hathnot a Jeweyes?Hathnot a Jewhands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions?Ifyouprick us, do we not bleed, ifyoutickle us, do we not laugh?Ifyoupoison us, do we not die?(Shylock in William Shakespeare'sMerchant of Venice)

  32. Can I ask a rhetoricalquestion? Well, can I?(AmbroseBierce) • Marriageis a wonderfulinstitution, but whowouldwanttolive in an institution?(H. L. Mencken) • Ifpracticemakesperfect, and no one'sperfect, thenwhypractice?(BillyCorgan)

  33. QUECLARATIVE It’s an utterance that has the form of a question but the force of a statement. Term (a blend of question and declarative) introduced by Jerrold M. Saddock in Toward a Linguistic Theory of Speech Acts (1974)

  34. Examples: • Hello? Whatnumberareyoucalling? You'vedialedthewrongnumber! Sorry? Whatgood is that?How can you ever repaythelastthirtysecondsyouhavestolenfrommy life? I hateyou, yourhusband, yourchildren, andyourrelatives!(Mink Stole as PeggyGravel in DesperateLiving, 1977) • Michael: Areyouserious?WayneJarvis: Almostalways.(ArrestedDevelopment, 2006)

  35. Havingboththesyntaxandintonation of yes/no questions, queclarativesfunctionindirectly as assertions in caseswherethespeakeralreadyknowstheanswertothequestionto be theopposite of theproposition.

  36. EROTESIS Erotesis is a rhetorical question implying strong affirmation or denial. Also, as defined by Richard Lanham in A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms (1991), a rhetorical question "which implies an answer but does not give or lead us to expect one, as when Laertes rants about Ophelia's madness: 'Do you see this, O God?' (Hamlet, IV, v).“

  37. Examples: • WasI not born in therealm? Weremyparentsbornin anyforeigncountry? Is not mykingdomhere? Whomhave I oppressed? Whomhave I enrichedtoother'sharm? Whatturmoilhave I madein thiscommonwealththat I should be suspectedtohave no regardtothesame?"(QueenElizabeth I, responseto a Parliamentarydelegation, 1566)

  38. Erotesis, or Interrogation, is a figure by which we express the emotion of our mind, and infuse an ardour and energy into our discourse by proposing questions. As these questions have the force of a climax, they ought to be pronounced with increasing force to the end."

  39. HYPOPHORA Hypophora is a rhetoricaltermforraisingquestionsandimmediatelyansweringthem. • Whatmakes a kingout of a slave? Courage! Whatmakestheflag on themasttowave? Courage! Whatmakestheelephantcharge his tusk in themistymist, ortheduskydusk? Whatmakesthemuskratguard his musk? Courage!(TheCowardlyLion in TheWizard of Oz, 1939)

  40. Whatkind of peace do I meanandwhatkind of a peace do weseek? Not a PaxAmericanaenforcedon theworldbyAmericanweapons of war. Not thepeace of thegraveorthesecurity of theslave. I amtalkingaboutgenuinepeace, thekind of peacethatmakes life on earthworthliving, andthekindthatenables men andnationstogrow, andtohope, andbuild a better life fortheirchildren.(John F. Kennedy, commencementaddress at AmericanUniversity, 1963)

  41. EPIPLEXIS Askingquestionstorebukeorreproachratherthantoelicitanswers. • Haveyou no shame? • Arewechildren of a lesserGod? Is an Israeliteardropworthmorethan a drop of Lebaneseblood?(Lebanese Prime MinisterFouadSiniora, July 2006)

  42. All that glitters isn't gold • Man make houses, women make homes • A friend in need is a friend indeed

  43. THANKS FOR LISTENING ZACK TOLGA COHIZZLE SAYKO

  44. REVISION • A : Dude, wemade a greatpresentation, didn’twe? • T : Yeah, Sure, I thinkit’sthebestpresentation ever :D • A : You’reright. It’s a sample of completeness. Content is completelyrelevanttotheme of presentation, weprovidedhighlevel of audienceinterestandengagement in thecontent. • T : Andverywellorganizedwitheffectivetransitionsbetweensubtopics. Weusedattention-gettingintroductionandclearending. Whataboutlanguage, vocabularyorfluency? • A : I think, wegenerallyusedaccuratelanguageandadequatevocabularyfortask. • T : But thenoteworthyparts of ourpresentationareaudiovisualaids. Materialsareclear, readableandrelevant. I think, weshowedourimaginationandcreativity.

More Related