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Recruitment and Retention of Underrepresented Students in STEM

Recruitment and Retention of Underrepresented Students in STEM. Javier A. Kypuros, Ph.D. College of Engineering and Computer Science The University of Texas-Pan American. Factors that Impact the Recruitment and Retention of Minorities (Crisp et al. 2009). Demographic variables:

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Recruitment and Retention of Underrepresented Students in STEM

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  1. Recruitment and Retention of Underrepresented Students in STEM Javier A. Kypuros, Ph.D. College of Engineering and Computer Science The University of Texas-Pan American

  2. Factors that Impact the Recruitment and Retention of Minorities (Crisp et al. 2009) • Demographic variables: • Gender is one of the most powerful/robust predictors • Language • Socioeconomic • Pre-college factors: • Academic experiences in math and science prior to high school • College preparatory courses; participation in and access to STEM college-prep courses • Environmental factors: • Financial aid • Incurred debt • College variables: • Math and Science placement into remedial or developmental courses lengthens time-to-graduation • Lack of engagement in development or remedial courses • Presence or lack thereof of role models amongst faculty

  3. Why do minority student drop out of STEM? • Insufficient financial resources (Tinto 1997, Mortenson 1997) • Feelings of isolation (Brown 1994, Thomas et al. 1991, McBay 1992) • Academic under-preparedness (Betz 1997) • A need to see the relevance of studies to the real world (Collea1990)

  4. Strategies for Recruiting/Preparing Minorities to STEM • Partnerships with K-12 (e.g. TexPREP, HESTEC) • Science and engineering camps • Coordination with college counselors • Coordination with pre-college programs • For Hispanics, STEM focused Dual Language Enrichment Programs • Supporting/promoting rigorous college prep curriculum in Science and Mathematics • Financial aid literacy

  5. Strategies for Retaining Minorities in STEM • Accelerating Math and Science preparation through bridge programs (Math is especially critical in Engineering) • More effective Math and Science placement • The usual subjects (i.e. bridge programs, mentoring, research experiences, career counseling and awareness, tutoring, etc.) but culturally relevant and aware • Language may be an untapped opportunity amongst Hispanic students

  6. Discussion Questions • How do race, ethnicity, and gender influence or modify interventions and success strategies? • Are there unique untapped opportunities that might have transformative influence on the success of certain populations? • Are the strategies you currently employ culturally relevant? If not, how might you modify them?

  7. Short Literature Review • Crisp, G., Nora, A., and Taggart, A. (2009). Student Characteristics, Pre-College, College, and Environmental Factors as Predictors of Majoring in and Earning a STEM Degree: An Analysis of Students Attending a Hispanic Serving Institution. American Educational Research Journal, 46(4), pp. 924-942. • Tinto, V. (1997). Classrooms as Communities: Exploring the Educational Character of Persistence. Journal of Higher Education, 68(6): pp. 599-623. • Mortenson, T. (1997). The benefits of a college education. Postsecond. Edu. Opport., pp. 55-66. • Brown, S.V., (1994). Under-represented minority women in science and engineering education. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service. • Thomas, Clewell, and Pearson. (1991). Case Study of Major Doctoral Producing Institutions in Recruiting, Enrolling and Retaining Black and Hispanic Graduate Students. American Educational Research Association Meeting. Chicago, IL. • McBay, S.M. (1992). The Condition of African American Education: Changes and Challenges. The State of Black America, B.Tidwell, ed. 141-156. NY: Nat’l Urban League. • Betz, N. E. (1997). What stops women and minorities from choosing and completing majors in science and engineering. In D. Johnson (ed.) Minorities and girls in school: Effects on achievement and performance. Series on Leaders in Psychology. • Collea, F. P. (1990). Increasing minorities in science and engineering. Journal of College Science Teaching, 20(1):31-34. • Lisa, T. (2007). Effective Strategies to Increase Diversity in STEM Fields: A Review of the Research Literature. The Journal of Negro Education, 76(4), pp. 555-581.

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