On background for Siberia environment Integrated Regional Study (SIRS)

1. On background for Siberia environment Integrated Regional Study (SIRS) Evgueni Gordov Siberian Center for Environmental Research and Training/ Institute for Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia Gerard Begni MEDIAS-France, Toulouse, France Martin Heimann Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany Michael Kabanov Institute for Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia Vasily Lykosov Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS, Moscow, Russia Anatoly Shvidenko International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria Evgeny Vaganov Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

2. Regional research activity on regional and global consequences aspects of global change in Siberia resulted in number of international, national and regional projects, which all together forms quite a background for development here Siberia environment Integrated Regional Study (SIRS) in the framework of the approach elaborated by ESSP. In this paper some results of performed and ongoing projects funded sponsored inter alia by SB RAS, RAS, Max Planck Society, ISTC, the INTAS association and the European Commission are presented. The scope of the projects includes local and remote observations, modelling and development of information-computational infrastructure in the region under study. List of reviewed projects contains among other several Integrated Projects sponsored by SB RAS, such as “Siberian Geosphere – Biosphere Program: Integrated Regional Study of Contemporary Natural and Climatic Changes” and “Complex Monitoring of Great Vasyugan Bog: modern state and development processes research”, EC sponsored projects “EUROSIBERIAN CARBONFLUX” and its successor “Terrestrial Carbon Observation System ­ Siberia” (TCOS-Siberia) and “Multi-sensor Concepts for Greenhouse Gas Accounting of Northern Eurasia” (SIBERIA-II). The formed background needs now in structuring and an overarching vision of regional aspects and their diverse interconnections with global aspects to be considered as part of the Earth System Science Partnership Integrated Regional Studies (IRS), which could lead to a Siberia IRS (SIRS) and Northern Eurasia IRS (NEIRS) projects, as pushed forward among others by SCERT/IMCES and MEDIAS-France.

3. OUTLINE • SB RAS Integrated Projects • MPG-SB RAS (ISTC) Projects • FP5 Projects • FP6 Projects • What might be next? or Conclusion

4. SB RAS Integrated Complex and Interdisciplinary Environmental Projects comprise efforts a number of Research Institutes and Universities

5. Statistics of environmental Integrated Complex and Interdisciplinary Projects Typical Complex Project (CP): 5-7 Organizations Funded in 2003-2005 12 CP. Typical Integrated Interdisciplinary Project (IIP): 15 organizations Funded in 2003-2005 11 IIP.

6. Siberian Geosphere-Biosphere Program: Integrated Regional Research of Modern Natural Climatic Changes

7. Objectives Main objectives of the project are: • To develop the system of monitoring of Siberian mesoscale natural-territorial complexes on the biological, chemical, physical and technogenic components, • to develop the informational basis for structuring, storage and access to environmental data; • to develop a basis for forecasting of geosphere-biosphere changes in Siberia in the context of the sustainable development of the region. • To investigate interferences of global and regional (Western Siberia, in the first place) climate characteristic changes caused by natural and anthropogenic factors. • To prepare a scientific technological basis and a national scientific body for inclusion of the Programme into large international projects.

8. Consortium/Coordination Partners: • Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems • Institute of Geography SB RAS • Institute of Soil and Agrochemistry SBRAS • Institute of Water and Ecological Problems SB RAS • Institute of Petroleum Chemistry SB RAS • Institute of Forest SB RAS • Tomsk Filial of the Institute of Petroleum and Gas Geology SB RAS • Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SB RAS • Institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS • Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS • Institute of Catalysis SB RAS • Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS • Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS • Altai State University • Siberian Center for Environmental Research and Training • Tomsk State University • Tomsk Polytechnic University • Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics • Yugorsk State University • Ugra Research Institute of Information Technologies

9. First Results Identification of regional polusion sources (Kutsenogii et al)

10. First Results Regions with similar climatic changes in Siberia (Nozhenkova et al)

11. First Results Linear trend of mean temperature of soil depth at meteostation Uzun, Baikal (Snytko et al)

12. First Results Estimated from satellite images amount (kg) of GHG generated by forest fires in Irkutskaya oblast’ in April-September 2004 (Tashchilin, et al.)

13. First Results Temperature of Snow surface in Kolpashevo: modeling and measurements (Lykosov et al).

14. First Results Two intensive centers of action are determined from 53 year Reanalys data in Eurasia: North-Atlantic and North Pacific. Less strong (but important for global climate system functioning forming) center of action is located above South of Siberia (V/ Penenko).

15. Complex Monitoring of Great Vasyugan Bog:modern state and research of evolution processes

16. Partners/Coordination 1. Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems (Tomsk) 2. Institute of Water and Ecological Problems (Barnaul, Novosibirsk) 3. Institute of Atmospheric Optics (Tomsk) 4. Institute of Petroleum Chemistry (Tomsk) 5.Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics (Novosibirsk) 6. Institute of Hydrodynamics (Novosibirsk) 7. Institute of Geology (Novosibirsk) 8. Institute of Oil and Gas Geology (Novosibirsk, Tomsk) 9. Institute of Forest (Krasnoyarsk) 10. Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry (Novosibirsk) 11. Institute of Computational Modeling (Krasnoyarsk) 12. Siberian Center for Environmental Research and Training 13. Siberian R&D Institute of Peat SB RAAS (Tomsk) 14. Tomsk State University, including Siberian Physical-Technical Institute and R&D Institute of Biology and Biophysics (Tomsk) 15. Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk) 16. Altai State University, including Institute of Ecological Monitoring (Barnaul)

17. PROJECT OBJECTIVES Based on field observations of enlarged number of physical, biological and chemical characteristics of the system that is globally important and weakly technogenically loaded To investigate climate regulating role of Great Vasyugan Bog (GVB) as a mesoscale climatic system including regional peculiarities in energy and mass transfer (greenhouse gases, aerosol and electromagnetic fields), To investigate hydrosphere role of Great Vasyugan Bog asthe largest water–bog complex in Eurasia including general pattern and regional features of hydrological cycle, To investigate biosphere role of Great Vasyugan Bog as a mesoscale ecosystem in West Siberia including environment forming role of peat-forming processes and biogeochemical changes, To develop a geoinformation system, providing multilayer comprehensive monitoring of Great Vasyugan Bog including a database compilation and creation of GVB Internet site.

19. CLIMATE REGULATING ROLE OF GVB Spatial temperature distribution over GVB territory (Terra-Modis data, February of 2004, averaging over 0.5 х 0.5)

20. BIOSPHERE ROLE OF GVB 1.Biological cycle intensity in terms of amount of primary product achieves 14.3 t/year with decrease to the north. 2.Results ofСО2and СН4fluxes' observation on sphagnous bog (Plotnikovo village, summer of 2000) give an estimation of carbon balance in daytime: 105 (assimilation) – 72 (emission)= 33 gC/m2 3.Stratigraphic investigations of peat deposits on evidence derived from botanic, palynological, microelement, biochemical and radiocarbon analyses reveal both general pattern and peculiarities in GVB evolution at different sites byprocesses of climatogeneous, hydrogeneous, cryogenic and pyrogenic origin.

28. IGBP related activities in Siberia

29. Yenisey meridian IGBP-NES project 8 basic vegetation classes are separated out on the base of satellite remote sensing

30. IIASA Forestry Project

31. Seasonal variation of CO2 concentration on two levels of the vertical profile, Zotino

32. Russia: annually burned areas in 1970 – 2000

33. Estimation of Northern Eurasia input into the global carbon cycle in 1990 – 2000 ~500 Tg С/year – net accumulation of carbon ~ 200 – 350 Tg С/year – total emission to the atmosphere due to fires, insect outbreaks, logging etc. ~ 100 Tg С/year – turnover to hydrosphere and soil due to biological processes in soil

34. Carbon cycle related projects performing in Siberia forests EC funded • TCOS (Terrestrial carbon observing system) - SIBERIA-II (remote sensing data to account full carbon budget of Siberian forests) MPG funded • Siberian High Tower (long-term carbon flux- climate relationships) NASA supported • Carbon emission from large forest fires in Eurasia CRDF funded • Large fires and carbon storage and emission in long-term and short-term scales IIASA funded - Forestry Project

35. Conclusion • Results of environmental research activity in Siberia form quite a basis for step by step forming IRS on complex integrated research of all aspects of natural-climatic changes in the region (SIRS), as pushed forward among others by SCERT/IMCES and MEDIAS-France

36. Thank you!