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FEASIBILITY STUDY OF HYBRID WOOD STEEL STRUCTURES

FEASIBILITY STUDY OF HYBRID WOOD STEEL STRUCTURES. By:Yalda Khorasani. Outline. Properties of Steel, Wood and Concrete Types of Hybridization Case Studies of Hybrid Structures Software Packages Investigation Hybrid Steel Frame And Wood Shear Wall Model.

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FEASIBILITY STUDY OF HYBRID WOOD STEEL STRUCTURES

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  1. FEASIBILITY STUDY OF HYBRID WOOD STEEL STRUCTURES By:Yalda Khorasani Feasibility Study of Hybrid Wood Steel Structures by Yalda Khorasani

  2. Outline • Properties of Steel, Wood and Concrete • Types of Hybridization • Case Studies of Hybrid Structures • Software Packages Investigation • Hybrid Steel Frame And Wood Shear Wall Model Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  3. Properties of Steel, Wood and Concrete • Steel : • Good Tension Capacity • Ductile • Linear Stress Strain Relation • Isotropic • Wood: • Good Compression Capacity • Low tensile Capacity • Stiff • Non-Linear Stress Strain Relation • Orthotropic • High Strength/Density Ratio • Hygroscopic Material • Concrete • Good Compression Capacity • Non Linear Stress Strain • Brittle Fracture Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  4. Fig 1. Stress Strain Diagram of Steel-Tension Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  5. Fig. 2. Stress Strain Diagram of Wood-Compression Parallel to Grain Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  6. Fig. 3. Stress Strain Diagram of Wood –Compression Perpendicular to Grain Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  7. Fig. 3. Stress Strain Diagram of Concrete - Compression Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  8. Advantages of Hybrid Wood Steel Structure • Increase Load Bearing Capacity • Increased Seismic Performance • Cost Benefits • Increased Durability • Higher Fire Resistance • Allows Pre-Fabrication Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  9. Types of Hybrid Structure • Component Level Hybridization • Hybrid Bridge Decks and Slabs • Hybrid Beams/Columns/Braces • Hybrid Joints • Structural Level Hybridization • Hybrid Roof Trusses • Vertical Mixed System • Hybrid Steel Moment Frame and Wood Floor Diaphragm • Hybrid Frames Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  10. Structural Level Hybridization • Roof trusses: combining steel members in tension with wood members in compression • Example: in Southridge School in Surry Fig. 4 Southridge School Roof Structure Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  11. Structural Level Hybridization • Hybrid Frame:steel as column and timber as beam • Sainsbury’s Dartmouth warehouse in Devon, England Fig 5. Steel Column-Glulam Roof Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  12. Structural Level Hybridization • Building structure consisting of steel moment resisting frame and composite timber long span floor joist and plywood flooring • Advantages: • Cost benefits • Better Seismic Performance • Construction Benefits Fig 6. Steel Moment Frame and Wood Diaphragm floor Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  13. Structural Level Hybridization • Vertical Mixed System: structural system comprised of concrete/steel first floor and wood upper storeys • Advantages: • Satisfy the Code requirement for fire resistance • Increased load bearing capacity Fig 7. Concrete first floor, timber structure upper 8 storey Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  14. Component Level Hybridization • Flitch Beam: A steel plate sandwiched between two wood joists and bolted together • Advantages: Supports heavier loads over a longer span Fig 8. Typical flitch beam Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  15. Component Level Hybridization-Hybrid Beams • Wood member reinforced with steel plates :wood member reinforced by steel plates on top and bottom or reinforced with steel plate in between. • Advantages : • increased in fire resistance • improved buckling capacity • increased in bending strength Fig. 9 Hybrid wood steel member Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  16. Component Level Hybridization-Hybrid Beams • Wooden members with built-in steel materials: H-shape steel member, square steel bar or steel plates • Advantages : • increased in fire resistance • improved buckling capacity • increased in bending strength Fig. 10 Hybrid wood steel member Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  17. Component Level Hybridization • Hybrid Bridge Deck: similar to composite construction where two different materials are bound together so that they act together as a single unit from a structural point of view. • longitudinally laminated prestressed wood decking • steel girders • shear bulkheads: shear studs in concrete filled holes Fig. 11 Hybrid bridge deck Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  18. Component Level Hybridization • Hybrid DuctileTimber Joint: Similar to post-tensioned precast concrete building systems. • Can be used for beam-column, wall foundation or column-foundation Fig 12. Hybrid Joint Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  19. Hybrid Steel Concrete Structure • Type=Component level • Composite reinforced concrete and steel moment frame structures • Advantages= • Cost saving • Longer span • Minimize field labour • Joint Detail= • Through beam • Through column Fig. 13. Joint Detail Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  20. Hybrid Steel-Timber Structure • Type = Component Level • Six storey building uses post-tensioned steel tendons in timber frames and structural walls. • Advantages= • Increased seismic performance • Rapid erection • Economical connections between the large timber elements Fig. 14. Post tensioned members Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  21. Hybrid Concrete- Steel-Timber Structure • Type = Component + Structural Level • Reinforced concrete structure first storey and the second to fifth stories have a timber-based hybrid structure with built-in steel materials • Advantages= • Satisfy Code requirement for fire safety • Increased buckling capacity Fig. 15. Hybrid members Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  22. ANSYS • Types of analysis: Static, modal, harmonic, transient dynamic, spectrum, buckling, explicit dynamic analysis • Capable of modelling: Linear and non-linear material Isotropic and Orthotropic material Composit and layered material Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  23. Table 1. Ansys material library Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  24. SeismoStruct • Types of analysis: Dynamic and static time-history, conventional and adaptive pushover, incremental dynamic analysis, eigenvalue, and non-variable static loading • Capable of modelling: Concrete and steel but not wood Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  25. Table 2. SeismoStruct material model Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  26. SAPWood • Types of analysis: Traditional nonlinear time domain earthquake excitation, Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) • Capable of modelling: Wood structure, shear wall and dry wall, but not steel structure. Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  27. Table 3. SAPWood material model Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  28. OpenSees Navigator • Types of analysis: Static, transient and eigenvalue • Capable of modelling: • Linear and non linear material (wood, steel concrete) • Cannot model layered and composite materials Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  29. Table.4. OpenSees Navigator material model Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  30. Shear Wall/Diaphragm • Diaphragms and shear walls, constructed with wood structural panels such as oriented strand board (OSB) and plywood, provide the primary lateral load resisting system in many types of construction. Fig. 16. OSB Shear Wall Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  31. ANSYS Modelling • Steel frame-OSB shear wall • Type analysis: Static • Purpose of analysis: See the effect of wood shear wall on deformation of the steel frame Fig.17 Steel frame wood shear wall model Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  32. ANSYS Modelling Analysis #1= Steel frame w/o shear wall Analysis #2 = Steel frame + shear wall Modelling OSB as linear, orthotropic with average properties of the 3 layers Analysis #3 = Steel frame + shear wall Modelling OSB as layered element with three linear orthotropic layers Fig. 18. OSB Shear Wall Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  33. Fig. 19. Steel frame modelled with Ansys Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  34. Fig. 20. Steel frame with OSB modelled with ANSYS Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

  35. Table 5. Summary of the result Feasibility Study of Hybrid Steel Timber Structures

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