Famous Physical Anthropologist

1. Famous Physical Anthropologist Chapter 13

2. Louis leakey – 1903 to 1972

3. Parents were ____________________ in ____________, Africa for the _________________________________ • At ___________ found his 1st fossil in _____________ • 1926 - Graduate of ___________________ University in Anthropology and ______________________ • 1930 - Awarded a _________ for his academic work centered on _______________________________ • 1932 - discovered fossils at ____________ and ______________, Africa and claimed that they were the oldest true ancestors of ________________________

4. Louis Leakey in his mother's arms at the family's mud & thatch house

5. 1934 – Wrote a book titled; __________________ • 1964 – Found & named a new species __________ ________________ with his wife • established a research station in _____________ near __________ for the study of _____________ • helped establish ____________________ in Kenya • Responsible for initiating __________________ decades-long field study of ___________________ in the wild, and the similar projects of _______________________ (for ________________)

7. Mary Leakey – 1913 to 1996

8. 1930 - began auditing archaeology and __________ university courses, and she worked on __________________________________ and as a scientific ______________________ • primarily worked as an _______________________ rather than a ___________________ anthropologist • 1933 - met ______________________& married in _________ • Discovered first fossil _________of the extinct Miocene _____________________ Proconsul. _____________ in a ________________

9. 1959 - found the “____________________” Man (Australopithecus boisei) fossil - _____________________ • indicated that human ancestors originated in ______________ • _________________________ stretched back farther than had previously been imagined.

10. 1976 - found huge numbers of animal _____________________that had been fossilized in ________ deposited by a _________________ • 1978 - found what would be her greatest discovery, ___________________________ tracks that had been left by two _____________________ • “______________________” footstep • she had never earned a _________________, by the end of her life she had received many ____________________ degrees and other awards

11. Laetoli footsteps • ________ million years old • Laetoli, __________________ • Trail _________ feet long • preserved in _______________ volcanic ash • made by some of the first _______________-walking hominids • show that these early humans was “_________________" (the heel of the foot hits first) followed by “______________" (the toes push off at the end of the stride)—the way _____________ humans walk

12. Olduvai Gorge, Africa • most famous ____________________________ location in East Africa • steep sided ravine, part of the ____________________, which stretches along eastern Africa • some of the earliest remains of _____________ hominids have been found here • Fossils found here also include… • Homo habilis “_________________” • Zinjanthropus “_____________________” • Homo erectus • Australopithecus Boisei • ancient ________________, elephants, __________, etc. • __________________ made by early hominids

13. LUCY FOUND HERE FOOTPRINTS FOUND HERE

14. The Leakeys found _____________ different kinds of hominid, showing a gradual increases in _________________ size and in the complexity of their _________________ at this location • First skull of Zinjanthropus, commonly known as ‘________________’ who lived about ______millions years ago, was found here by the Leakeys • ________________________ sites have been preserved for ________________________ and work continues during the _____________ seasons

15. 1935 Olduvai, turned up elephant fossils. Louis & Mary Leakey before marriage.

16. Dian Fossey – 1932 TO 1985

17. 1932 - born in ______________________, California • Majored in __________________________ & got a degree from ________________ State College • 1963 – 1st trip to Africa & met __________________ • Her mission was to _______________, protect and study the _____________________________ • 1966 – Returned to Africa to do a long-term study of the mountain gorillas in ____________________________________________(then _______________________) • 1967 - moved to __________________________ due to political upheaval & established the _______________________________ Research Center

19. 1974 – received a ________ in _________________ at _________________ College, Cambridge • 1983 – published her manuscript ______________________________________ • 1985 – _________________ in her cabin at Karisoke™ • 1988 – Her ___________ was made into a _________ • Dian Fossey ____________ Fund ___________________ - • Originally named the _________________ Fund • dedicated to the ________________________ and protection of ______________________ and their _______________________ in Africa.

20. Fossey with Digit, her favorite gorilla

21. Jane Goodall – 1934 to present

22. British primatologist, ________________________, anthropologist, and _______________________of Peace • world's foremost expert on ________________________ • _________-year study of ________________ and family interactions of ____________ chimpanzees in ________________________________ National Park, ______________________________ • founder of the _________________________ Institute • From an early age, she dreamed of traveling to _________________to observe _________________ animals in their natural habitats.

25. Met _____________________, who then hired her to work on a dig site in ______________________ • He then hired her to conduct a _______________ study of the chimpanzees’ _________________ to gain important _____________________________ information. • Many experts objected to Leakey's selection of Goodall because she had ____________________ scientific ________________________ and lacked even a general _________________ degree.

27. established a camp on the shore of _____________________________ in the Gombe Stream Reserve • After _________ years of seeing her every day, they showed no fear and often came to her • She gained trust by doing a systematic __________________ routine she called the “__________________________”

28. Was in ___________________with The ____________ & discovered the following behaviors, none of which had been ________________ before her… • complex ___________________ • _________________ behaviors • ________________________ methods • eating ____________________ • insects, ______________, baby baboons & small ___________________ • using and making ______________ • throw ____________ as weapons • use _________ and embraces to ___________ • develop long-term ______________ bonds • _________plays no active role in ____________ • “_____________" system places the dominant ____________ at the top