1 / 28

Acid-Base Balance

Acid-Base Balance. Lectures on respiratory physiology. Some definitions. An acid is a molecule that releases hydrogen ions in solution A base is a molecule that can accept a hydrogen ion A buffer is a substance that can reversibly bind hydrogen ions.

orinda
Download Presentation

Acid-Base Balance

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Acid-Base Balance Lectures on respiratory physiology

  2. Some definitions • An acid is a molecule that releases hydrogen ions in solution • A base is a molecule that can accept a hydrogen ion • A buffer is a substance that can reversibly bind hydrogen ions

  3. Titration curve for the bicarbonate buffer system

  4. Law of Mass Action CA CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- AT EQUILIBRIUM, [H+] x [HCO3-] K = [H2CO3] [H+] x [HCO3-] = SOLUBILITY x PCO2

  5. [H+] x [HCO3-] K = 0.03 x PCO2 WHICH, AFTER TAKING LOGS, BECOMES: [HCO3-] pH = pK + Log( ) 0.03 x PCO2 - THE HENDERSON - HASSELBALCH EQUATION

  6. Derivation of normal pH

  7. Davenport Diagram

  8. [HCO3-] pH = 6.1 + Log( ) 1.2 PCO2 = 40 24 PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l NORMAL 7.40 pH

  9. 100 80 PCO2: 60 40 30 PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l 20 10 pH

  10. [HCO3-] pH = pK + Log( ) 0.03 x PCO2 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  11. ACID - BASE DISTURBANCES: * RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS * RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS * METABOLIC ACIDOSIS * METABOLIC ALKALOSIS

  12. RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS: H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  13. RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS: H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  14. RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS: H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  15. RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS: H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  16. RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS: H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  17. METABOLIC ACIDOSIS: H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  18. METABOLIC ACIDOSIS: H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 N PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  19. METABOLIC ALKALOSIS H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  20. METABOLIC ALKALOSIS H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  21. COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS COMPENSATED METABOLIC ALKALOSIS 80 BUFFER LINE 40 20 PLASMA [HCO3-], meq/l pH

  22. Oxygen Delivery to Tissues

  23. VENTILATION LUNGS DIFFUSION CAPILLARIES HEART AND CIRCULATION PERFUSION CAPILLARIES DIFFUSION TISSUE THE OXYGEN TRANSPORT SYSTEM

  24. Fick equation for diffusion through a tissue sheet

  25. Distribution of PO2 between capillaries

  26. Critical PO2 for mitochondrial respiration

  27. Classification of tissue hypoxia: * Hypoxic hypoxia * Anemic hypoxia * Circulatory hypoxia * Histotoxic hypoxia

More Related