INTRODUCTION TO CHARM

1. INTRODUCTION TO CHARM A SHORT HISTORY of DISASTER MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS IN THE PACIFIC REGION

2. POST WORLD WAR II / COLD WAR ERA Developed Countries CIVIL DEFENCE OR CIVIL PROTECTION Derived from WW2 model Located in President / PM Office / Internal Affair Protection, Preservation of Civilian Life & Property PREPARE FOR and RESPOND TO events : P R Multi disciplinary

3. Early 80,s FORUM USA 1982–86 Disaster Preparedness Project: Pacific Island Development Project, Honolulu 1988-90 Disaster Preparedness Project: US Agency for International Development, SUVA Mid 80’s FORUM 1985 Disaster Coordination Unit, Forum Secretariat, Suva Late 80’s AUSTRALIA Pacific Disaster Preparedness Project: Emergency Management Australia Early 90’s UN 1990-99 UN International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction 1994-2000 South Pacific Disaster Reduction Project Late 90’s FORUM AUSTRALIA 1995 SOPAC to coordinatee all disaster and risk management functions 1998 AusAID Review Early Millennium UN SOPAC & PICs 2000 ISDR July 2000 DMU Established 2001 CHARM launched

4. NDMO CORE FUNCTIONS 1990’s PPRR Major focusP R coordination q planning, equipping, training and exercising qFOCUS on MANAGEMENT IMPACT TYPE EVENTS

5. Limited Input LONG-TERM Policies, Programmes, Visions prevention and recovery Prevention and Recovery DOMAIN of other DEPTS.

6. EMERGING CONCEPTS RISK MANAGEMENTSAFER COMMUNITIES INCREASE RESILIENCE – reducing vulnerability COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY – wise management in utilisation of resources RE-FOCUS:  Manage broader range of Sources of Risk Effective Management of Disaster Situation

7. REQUIRES Whole of Country Approach All Agencies Interacting Maintain Credibility Transparency Responsibility Accountability *INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURES

8. The All Hazards, Whole ofCountry Comprehensive Approach to Hazard and Risk Management requires that programmes and processes: ·Address all hazards including natural, human-induced, technological, biological and environmental ·Adopt all appropriate risk treatments, including prevention / mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery

9.   cont’d Integrate the efforts of all relevant regional and national organisations and agencies, public sector, NGOs, and community organisations Link to national development planning and decision-making processes / systems Seek to develop prepared communities with reduced vulnerability to risk and with increased resilience to the impact of hazards and Seek to strengthen multi-sectoral collaboration and partnerships

10. Risk Management Principles • Risk management embraces the continuum of activities of prevention, preparedness, response and recovery from disasters. • National risk management is government responsibility using existing core decision-making structures of government • Declaration of an emergency should be made at an appropriate level of government • Everyone is a stakeholder and emergencies is best handled at the district/island level whenever possible • Recognising the involvement of all the authoritative spheres of influence within the community

11. CHARM A comprehensive hazard and risk management tool and / or process within the context of an integrated national development planning process.

12. Principles Underpinning CHARM Development • (a) Linking CHARM with national development strategies whilst using existing decision-making processes. • (b)Developing appropriate communication, consultation and information management systems to facilitate coordination, collaboration, reporting and sharing information within departments, with stakeholders and with the communities.

13. Acknowledging that the CHARM approach is a powerful cost saving and easy to use tool in the reduction of risks that is vital to enhancing equitable and sustainable national development through wise use of resources. • Ensuring that CHARM is promoted appropriately at the highest level of government particularly with Cabinet, key ministries and national development committees. • Ensuring clear articulation in legislations and policies for nation-wide implementation of CHARM. • Ensuring that appropriate training filters into agency levels.

14. REGIONAL VISIONVULNERABILITY TO THE EFFECTS OF NATURAL HAZARDS, ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE AND OTHER THREATS WILL BE OVERCOME

15. Risk Management Process ESTABLISHTHE CONTEXT C O M M U N I C A T E A N D C O N S U L T M O N I T O R A N D R E V I E W IDENTIFY RISK ANALYSE RISK EVALUATE RISK Yes Accept Risk No TREAT RISK

16. Key Elements • identify and analyse each hazard against national development priorities • identify vulnerable sectors and their risk factors in relation to each of the hazards • determine the most appropriate treatment options within integrated Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery programs

17. Key Elements • identify what activities or projects are already being implemented or proposed at the country level and by regional organisations • identify programming gaps or needs that are not being addressed • determine lead responsibilities for managing the implementation of the risk reduction strategy

18. OUTCOME OF CHARM • Accepting and identifying “cause-impacts” or risk relations linking significant hazards and their potential adverse, ripple impacts on future growth and development • Recognising that risks can be managed • Availing a DECISION-MAKING toolfor designing of effective risk management programs • Involving all government and NGO resources in inter agency collaboration • Analysing role and functions of NDMO & NDMC • Identifying linkages / benefits between all the stakeholders

19. Development GoalsatCountry Level • Advocate to Senior Executives & Politicians • Involve senior key postholders • Mainstream into national implementation arrangements

20. Development RequirementRegional Level • Advocate / Promote to and Coordinate with CROP agencies • Enhance Region-wide approach and uniform guideline / standard • Advocate to and Encourage Proactive Donor support

21. IMPLEMENATION GUIDELINE : Major Steps • Introductory working sessions • Sensitising key government ministries and NGO’s • Developing an Action Plan • Conducting an all agency Workshop • Designing the draft support programme • Designing the CHARM policy document

22. IMPLEMENATION GUIDELINE : Major Steps • Conducting a follow-up country meeting • Preparing an annual task activity statement • Establishing monitoring, review and reporting mechanism

23. Application • SPC – MASLR : Fruit- Fly =>Pest and Disease Threats • Foot-and-Mouth; Taro Blight are the most significant threats • Draft ERP • To in-build Prevention and Recovery Strategies in Work Programmes

24. WATER SUPPLY RISK TREATMENT EXISTING RISKS at national level for Water Supply RISK TREATMENT OPTIONS IMP. AGENCY SUPPORT AGENCIES FUNDS NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM SECTORIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM EXISTING MEASURES GAPS PRIORITY National Water Strategy Plan Ministry of National Planning Works & Energy Regional FAB, Health, MRD, NLTB, Lands, Agriculture Budget & Donor National development program Need to develop water resource sector, multi sectorally none Strategy and legislation (1) Development of regional and local maps and plans Ministry of Works Finance, Town Planning, Donors, Reg Dev & others Same as supporting agencies National development plan / strategy utilities and infrastructures In existence Prioritise for implementation (2) Infrastructure Upgrading Ministry of Works Finanace Donors Public Planning Same as Supporting Agencies As above In existence Strengthen & prioritise funding aid (2) Public awareness Works Education NDMO, NGO, Health Donors Education Finance As above Multi-sectoral approach None or limited (1)