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Introduction: The European e-Business W@tch

About e-Business W@tch Introduction: The European e-Business W@tch A cornerstone: the e-Business Survey 2005 A cornerstone of the monitoring activities are representative surveys among decision-makers in European enterprises about their use of e-business.

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Introduction: The European e-Business W@tch

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  1. About e-Business W@tch Introduction: The European e-Business W@tch A cornerstone: the e-Business Survey 2005 A cornerstone of the monitoring activities are representative surveys among decision-makers in European enterprises about their use of e-business. The latest survey was conducted in January and February 2005. This Chart Report presents main results of the 2005 survey. Further information: e-Business W@tch European Commission c/o empirica GmbH DG Enterprise & Industry Oxfordstr. 2, 53111 Bonn BE-1049 Brussels Germany Belgium Fax: (49-228) 98530-12 Fax: (32-2) 2967019 info@ebusiness-watch.orgentr-innov-ict-ebiz@cec.eu.int An e-Business Observatory since 2002 Information and communication technologies (ICT) are changing the way in which companies trade with their suppliers and customers. e-Business W@tch monitors related developments and analyses their impacts on different sectors of the European economy. Special emphasis is placed on the implications for SMEs. The initiative was launched by the European Commission, DG Enterprise and Industry, in late 2001. It will be operational until November 2005, with a possible extension until the end of 2006. In 2004/05, studies by the e-Business W@tch covered 10 sectors, with a focus on manufacturing.

  2. Summary Summary: Electronic Trade in the EU in 2005 (I) Dynamic development of electronic procurement Firms accounting for more than 50% of employment from the 10 sectors studied made online purchases in 2005. In 2003 (with a different set of sectors), this figure was 46%. However, only 27% say that these online purchases account for more than 5% of the total volume of their supplies. 19% of firms use special ICT systems to support their e-procurement processes. This indicates that electronic sourcing and procurement play an important role in these firms. Most companies have implemented standardised software packages, or use customised solutions. Chart: Companies making online purchases by sector. (Read: "Firms representing x% of employment buy online.")

  3. Summary Summary: Electronic Trade in the EU in 2005 (II) Online marketing and sales: 17% enable customers to order goods online B2C electronic commerce developments are difficult to track with representative surveys. The percentage of firms who sell goods or services online appears to be little changed: 17% in 2005, 16% in 2003 (by employment). However, the impact of the internet on marketing and sales processes in sectors such as tourism, publishing and IT services is uncontested. Use of special ICT systems for e-commerce The use of special ICT systems for electronic marketing and sales is at a similar level (17%) to the use of such systems for e-procurement. Companies that have such ICT systems tend to use them for a variety of functions, such as publishing offers to customers, answering RfQs / RfPs (requests for quotations / prices), receiving orders from customers, and for billing and invoicing. Firms from the publishing, IT services and tourism industries are the most likely to offer customers online payment. Outlook on expected developments Even if requirements for marketing and sales are quite different in B2B oriented manufacturing sectors, trade between companies will increasingly become web-based. This will be a gradual development, but the evidence is already there. For instance, there is a clear trend to digitise invoicing and payment processes in B2B and B2G transactions.

  4. Summary Summary: Sectoral disparities in e-business The intensity of electronic business differs widely between sectors, particularly between manufacturing and service sectors. The IT services industry is the notable exception to this rule. e-Business Index (2005) for sectors Blue chart (left side): Benchmark based on firm-weighted data (= in % of firms) Green chart (right side): Benchmark based on employment-weighted data (= firms representing x% of employment in a sector)

  5. Summary Summary: Geographic disparities in e-business Surveys of domestic ICT use still find considerable gaps in ICT diffusion between different countries. In the context of business, the situation is much more complex. The structure of an industry can differ significantly between countries, and this has implications on e-business benchmarks. In Italy, for example, sectors dominated by small firms are more prevalent than in other countries. Since large firms are more advanced in e-business, certain benchmarks may suggest a lower level of ICT use (see below). e-Business Index (2005) for countries Blue chart (left side): Benchmark based on firm-weighted data(= in % of firms) Green chart (right side): Benchmark based on employment-weighted data (= firms representing x% of employment in a country)

  6. A. Basic ICT Infrastructure A.1: Internet access Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey questions: C2: "Does your company have access to the Internet?" C5: “What is the maximum bandwidth of your company’s connection to the Internet?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  7. A. Basic ICT Infrastructure A.2: Companies with a Local Area Network (LAN) Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: C6a: "Does your company use a Local Area Network (LAN)?“ Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  8. A. Basic ICT Infrastructure A.3: Companies using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: C6d: "Does your company use a Virtual Private Network (VPN)?“ Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  9. A. Basic ICT Infrastructure A.4: Companies enabling remote access to their network Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: C8: “Can employees of your company access your computer system remotely from outside the company, for instance from home from a hotel or while travelling?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  10. B. Internal e-applications B.1: Companies using an Intranet Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: E1a: "Do you use an Intranet?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  11. B. Internal e-applications B.2: Companies using ERP systems Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: E1d: “Do you use an ERP system?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  12. B. Internal e-applications B.3: Companies using online technology to track working hours and/or production time Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: E2b: "Do you use online applications other than e-mail to track working hours and production time?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  13. B. Internal e-applications B.4: Companies using e-learning applications Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: E3: “Does your company use e-learning applications, that is for instance learning material for employees available on the Intranet or on the Internet?“ Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  14. C. Supplier-facing activities C.1: Companies buying supplies online Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey questions: F1: "Does your company use the Internet or other computer-mediated networks to purchase goods or services online?" F4: “Please estimate how large a share of your total purchases is conducted online.” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  15. C. Supplier-facing activities C.2: Companies buying specific IT solutions to support procurement processes Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: F6: "Does your company currently support the selection of suppliers or procurement processes by specific IT solutions?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  16. C. Supplier-facing activities C.3: Companies billing invoices from suppliers Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all firms that support procurement processes by specific ICT solutions. N=784. Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: F7e: "Do you use IT solutions for billing invoices from suppliers?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  17. C. Supplier-facing activities C.4: Companies using a SCM system Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: E1e: "Do you use an SCM system, that is a Supply Chain Management system?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  18. D. Marketing & sales D.1: Companies with a website/use of Content Management Systems (CMS) Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey questions: G1: "Does your company have its own website on the Internet?" G2: “Does your company make use of a content management system, that is special software for maintaining and updating the website?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  19. D. Marketing & sales D.2: Companies using a CRM system Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: G11: "Does your company use a CRM system, that is a software for customer relationship management?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  20. D. Marketing & sales D.3: Companies selling goods/services online Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey questions: G3: "Does your company sell goods or services online on the Internet or through other computer- mediated networks?" G5: “Please estimate how large a share of your total sales is conducted online.” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  21. D. Marketing & sales D.4: Companies using specific IT solutions to support sales processes Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: G7: "Does your company support marketing or sales processes by specific IT solutions?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  22. E. e-Standards & interoperability E.1: Companies using EDI based standards Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: H1a: "Do you use EDI- based standards, for example EDIFACT, EANCOM, ANSI X12 or TRADACOM?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005) n.a.

  23. E. e-Standards & interoperability E.2: Companies using XML based standards Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: H1b: "Do you use XML- based standards such as cXML, UBL, RosettaNet, xCBL?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005) n.a.

  24. E. e-Standards & interoperability E.3: Companies using proprietary based standards Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: H1d: "Do you use proprietary standards agreed between you and your business partners?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005) n.a.

  25. E. e-Standards & interoperability E.4: Companies using Open Source Software in operating systems and/or databases Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey questions: H7a: "Does your company use Open Source operating systems like Linux?" H7b: "Does your company use Open Source databases like mySQL?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005) n.a.

  26. F. IT-skills & ICT security F.1: Companies that have outsourced IT services Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: D5: "Has your company outsourced ICT services to external service providers in any of the following application areas: maintenance of hardware and networks, web-hosting or data storage services, software development, software application hosting, call centre services or other ICT services?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  27. F. IT-skills & ICT security F.2: Companies with regular ICT training schemes for employees Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: D4: "Does your company regularly send employees to ICT training programmes?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  28. F. IT-skills & ICT security F.3: Companies having experienced damages because of ICT security incidents Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: D11: "During the past 12 months, have any of the following incidents had an significant impact on your business: hardware failure, software failure, etc. (see tables left hand side)?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  29. F. IT-skills & ICT security F.4: Companies having installed ICT security measures Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey question: D12: "Do you have/ use a firewall, secure server technology, company rules relating to encryption of data, etc. (see tables left hand side)?" Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  30. G. Innovation activity G.1: ICT enabled product/services innovation Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey questions: B1: "During the past 12 months, has your company launched any new or substantially improved products or services?" B2: “Have any of these product innovations been directly related to orenabled by information or communication technology?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  31. G. Innovation activity G.2: ICT enabled process innovation Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Total number, sectors, countries are weighted by employment (= enterprises comprising …% of employment in sector / country). Figures for size-bands in % of enterprises from the size-band. Survey questions: B3: "During the past 12 months, has your company introduced any new or significantly improved internal processes?" B4: “Have any of these process innovations been directly related to or enabled by information or communication technology?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  32. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The food and beverage industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Green diamond = relative e-business intensity in the food and beverages sector Companies from the food and beverages industry are confronted with several business challenges where ICT could play an important role in the future. This includes control over raw material supply, quality assurance, and an increasing demand for new and diversified products. Production in the F&B industry is characterized by small batch processes that are hard to consolidate and integrate. Despite high investments in plant automation, many operations are still labour intensive or only partially automated. However, e-business applications could rise in importance.

  33. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The textile and clothing industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-businessintensity in the textile and clothingindustry Among large companies from the textile and clothing industry, e-business activity has increased. However, the economic crisis in the sector hampers innovation among small firms. New evidence compared to the earlier survey of 2003 shows: there are signs that the use of advanced ICT systems in large textile companies is quite in line with adoption rates among large companies from the most advanced manufacturing sectors. Examples are Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Supply Chain Management (SCM) systems. In marketing and sales, though, e-business has not yet a significant role.

  34. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The publishing and printing industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-businessintensity in the publishing andprinting industry The European publishing and printing industry is in a state of flux. ICT, and in particular the internet, have had a profound impact on business activities. This has had an effect on practically all areas of business activity, most importantly internal work and production processes, the products themselves, the distribution of products, marketing strategies and interfaces between companies and their customers in general. Digital technology is a key driver of innovation in this industry, as practically all solutions are becoming digitally integrated.

  35. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The pharmaceutical industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-business intensity in the pharmaceuticalindustry The pharmaceutical industry is well suited to the use of ICT and e-business applications. This is true for both internal processes and for the support of B2B relationships. In fact, the pharmaceutical industry is an intensive user of electronic business: ICT and internet-based solutions play a key role in supporting marketing and sales processes in the pharmaceutical industry. CRM (customer relation management) systems and mobile solutions have a high potential for facilitating the work of the pharmaceutical sales force. In B2B trading, the structure of internet trading platforms is comparatively well suited.

  36. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The machinery and equipment industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-business intensity in the machinery andequipment industry Companies in the machinery and equipment (M&E) sector are moving from the endowment with basic ICT equipment to embedding e-business in their business strategies. The M&E industry has not been an early adopter of e-business. Starting from a comparatively low level, however, companies have now begun to develop their own strategies. An important application area for e-business in the M&E industry is after sales service. Machines are increasingly being sold in combination with services covering implementation, maintenance,etc. These services offer many opportunities for the use of electronic service delivery tools.

  37. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The automotive industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-business intensity in the automotiveindustry Large enterprises in the automotive industry are advanced users of e-business technologies, mainly for automating B2B processes. Despite the fact that numerous e-business applications are frequently used in the automotive industry, research by e-Business W@tch confirms that ICT-enabled innovations still remain a source of competitive advantage. The process of inter-firm integration proceeds rapidly in the automotive industry. Online procurement has become a part of everyday business and belongs to the most frequently adopted e-business applications.

  38. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The aeronautics industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-business intensity in the aeronauticsindustry The aeronautics companies realise ICT as a potential source of competitive advantage and an enabler and driver of innovation. ICT-enabled process innovations are positively associated with increasing turnover among firms in the industry. Yet innovative firms are not more profitable than other firms, suggesting either that profits triggered by innovations take more time to materialise in this sector than in other sectors. Electronic procurement is a key application in this industry. Although the high complexity and specialisation of end products in this sector put some restrictions on online trading.

  39. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The construction industry e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-business intensity in the construction sector The construction industry has yet to show the same level of productivity improvements as other industries This has also to do with a comparatively slow ICT uptake. Attitudes towards ICT in the construction industry have traditionally been of a conservative nature. Most companies are more reactive rather than proactive in adopting e-business as a tool to increase competitiveness. Large enterprises from the industry and new sector entrants have implemented ICT-based production processes, but there is still untapped potential for using ICT to increase productivity, for example with the usage of a Production Planning Systems (PPS).

  40. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The tourism sector e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-business intensity in the tourism industry ICT are an important facilitator of competitive advantage in the tourism industry. There is enormous customer-driven demand for e-business products and services, and the trend is that demand will continue to rise.The focus is on customer-facing activities, encompassing all areas of marketing and sales. Online booking and reservation services have become widely accepted among consumers and business travellers. The adoption rate of selling online in tourism is approximately twice as high as on average among the 10 sectors. Anyway, there remains a lack of applications serving the tourist on-the-spot.

  41. Sector Profiles E-business profile: The IT services sector e-Business dimensions (sub-indices): A = Basic ICT Infrastructure B = Internal processes C = Supply-side e-business activity D = Electronic marketing and sales Scale: Max = maximum e-business intensity in one of the 10 sectors benchmarked Average = average e-business intensity in the 10 sectors benchmarked Blue diamond = relative e-business intensity in the IT services sector ICT and e-business services are not only the output of the IT services sector. They influence crucially the way in which this output is produced, promoted and provided. This specific way of using ICT distinguishes IT services from the other industries. As a consequence, adoption and use of nearly all major e-business applications are above the average of the 10 sectors studied. In particular, the IT services sector sets standards for the use of basic ICT infrastructure and customer-facing e-business applications. The sector also indicates the potential of e-business for SMEs, which account for about 99% of IT services firms.

  42. E-Commerce Adoption Adoption of online purchasing activity by sector Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Data weighted by employment (=enterprises compromising …% of employment in a sector) Survey question: Buying online: F1: “Does your company use the Internet or other computer- mediated networks to purchase goods or services online?” F2: “When did your company purchase goods or services online for the first time?” Selling online: G3: “Does your company sell goods or services online on the Internet or through other computer- mediated networks?” G4: “When did your company offer goods or services online for the first time?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  43. E-Commerce Adoption Adoption of online selling activity by sector Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Data weighted by employment (=enterprises compromising …% of employment in a sector) Survey question: Buying online: F1: “Does your company use the Internet or other computer- mediated networks to purchase goods or services online?” F2: “When did your company purchase goods or services online for the first time?” Selling online: G3: “Does your company sell goods or services online on the Internet or through other computer- mediated networks?” G4: “When did your company offer goods or services online for the first time?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  44. E-Commerce Adoption Adoption of online purchasing activity by firm size Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Data weighted in % of enterprises from the size-band Survey question: Buying online: F1: “Does your company use the Internet or other computer- mediated networks to purchase goods or services online?” F2: “When did your company purchase goods or services online for the first time?” Selling online: G3: “Does your company sell goods or services online on the Internet or through other computer- mediated networks?” G4: “When did your company offer goods or services online for the first time?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  45. E-Commerce Adoption Adoption of online selling activity by firm size Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Data weighted in % of enterprises from the size-band Survey question: Buying online: F1: “Does your company use the Internet or other computer- mediated networks to purchase goods or services online?” F2: “When did your company purchase goods or services online for the first time?” Selling online: G3: “Does your company sell goods or services online on the Internet or through other computer- mediated networks?” G4: “When did your company offer goods or services online for the first time?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  46. E-Commerce Adoption Adoption of online purchasing activity by country Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Data weighted in % of enterprises from the size-band Survey question: Buying online: F1: “Does your company use the Internet or other computer- mediated networks to purchase goods or services online?” F2: “When did your company purchase goods or services online for the first time?” Selling online: G3: “Does your company sell goods or services online on the Internet or through other computer- mediated networks?” G4: “When did your company offer goods or services online for the first time?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  47. E-Commerce Adoption Adoption of online selling activity by country Base: EU-7 (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK), all enterprises from a sector. N=5218 (total). Weighting: Data weighted in % of enterprises from the size-band Survey question: Buying online: F1: “Does your company use the Internet or other computer- mediated networks to purchase goods or services online?” F2: “When did your company purchase goods or services online for the first time?” Selling online: G3: “Does your company sell goods or services online on the Internet or through other computer- mediated networks?” G4: “When did your company offer goods or services online for the first time?” Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2005)

  48. Methodological Notes Methodological notes: the e-Business Survey 2005 (I) A representative CATI survey e-Business W@tch collects data on the use of ICT and e-business in European enterprises by means of representative surveys. The e-Business Survey 2005, which was the third survey after those of 2002 and 2003, had a scope of 5,218 telephone interviews with decision-makers in enterprises from 7 EU countries (CZ, DE, ES, FR, IT, PL, UK) and 10 sectors. Interviews were carried out in January and February 2005, using computer-aided telephone interview (CATI) technology. Population and sampling In contrast to the surveys of 2002 and 2003, the 2005 survey considered only companies that used computers. The highest level of the population was the set of all computer-using enterprises which were active within the national territory of one of the 7 countries covered, and which had their primary business activity in one of the 10 sectors specified on the basis of NACE Rev. 1.1 categories. No cut-off was made in terms of minimum size of firms. The sample drawn was a random sample of companies from the respective sector population in each of the 7 countries, with the objective of fulfilling minimum strata with respect to company size band (micro, small, medium, large) per country-sector cell. Weighting For data presentation, two weighting schemes have been applied: weighting by employment and weighting by the number of enterprises.

  49. Methodological Notes Methodological notes: the e-Business Survey 2005 (II) Statistical accuracy – confidence intervals For totals of all 10 sectors covered, an accuracy of +/- 2 percentage points can be expected for most values that are expressed as "% of firms", and of +/- 3 percentage points for values that are weighted by employment. The confidence interval for sector totals (EU-7) is about +/ -5 percentage points (in both weighting schemes). Employment-weighted results for the pharmaceutical, the automotive and the aeronautics industry have higher confidence intervals, because these sectors are more sensitive to weights due to their structure (i.e. the dominance of large firms in a comparatively small population). In the aeronautics industry, employment-weighted figures are only indicative. More information More detailed information about the e-Business Survey 2005 is available at the e-Business W@tch website (www.ebusiness-watch.org) in the 'about' section (see: 'methodology').

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