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Reproductive Ethics Cheryl Nienaber Ferris State University Winter 2013. January 26, 2009 Noah (A) 2 lbs 11 oz Maliyah (B) 2 lbs 12 oz Isaiah (C) 3 lbs 4 oz Nariyah (D) 2 lbs 8 oz Jonah (E) 1 lbs 8 oz
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Reproductive EthicsCheryl NienaberFerris State UniversityWinter 2013
January 26, 2009 Noah (A) 2 lbs 11 oz Maliyah (B) 2 lbs 12 oz Isaiah (C) 3 lbs 4 oz Nariyah (D) 2 lbs 8 oz Jonah (E) 1 lbs 8 oz Makai (F) 2 lbs 12 oz Josiah (G) 1 lbs 15 oz Jeremiah (H) 2 lbs 11 oz
Seminar Outcomes: • Upon completion of the seminar, the student will be able to: • Provide ethical terms and definitions to support their view on the topic. • Reflect on prior personal experiences and identify ways to handle ethical situations in the future. • Accept a willingness to consider other points of view even when they do not reflect your own.
Theories to Consider • Roy’s Adaptation Theory • Self Concept-Group Identity • Role Function • Deontological Theory • Immanuel Kant • W. D. Ross Alligood, M., & Tomey, A. (2010) \ Edge, R., & Groves, J. (2006)
What is IVF • Egg/Sperm Collection • Held in Clinic up to 5 Days • Average Price $12,400 per Cycle • Success Rate 22.4% (Age Dependant) Todd, 2012
Elective Reduction The IVF Industry's Dirty Little Secret: "Selective Reduction" http://youtu.be/PBpJ-Xio5YY Watch the first 3 minutes of the attached you-tube video to witness the process of elective reduction.
Concepts/Ideas • What is the Correct number of Embryos to Implant? • Number of Previous Children • Safety • Age of Mother • Cost Factors McClimans, (2009). Orentlicher, (2010).
Data/Info/Evidence • How did we get to this point? • Cost • Autonomy • Core Values • Consequentialism http://msnbcmedia4.msn.com/j/MSNBC/Components/ Photo/_new/090529-jon-kate-vmed.widec.jpg
Point of View/Assumptions • Which Embryo(s) is/are Removed • Who Decides • What If… www.yalescientific.org/2012/05/the-more-the-merrier-li miting-the-number-of-embryo-implantations/)
Inferences/Interpretation • Abortion vs Elective Reduction • Judge and Jury
Implications/Consequences • Autonomy • Welfare of Children • Environment
ANA Standards • Standards of Professional Performance • Standard 7 Ethics • Standard 12 Leadership • Standard 14 Professional Practice Evaluation
Recommendations for Quality and Safety Improvements • Current Policy • Best Evidence Practice • Review Policies of Other Countries • Reduce Cost of IVF
Personal Decisions • Can you provide ethical terms and definitions to support your view elective reduction? • Can you reflect on prior personal experiences and identify ways to handle ethical situations in the future? • Can you accept a willingness to consider other points of view even when they do not reflect your own?
Reference • Alligood, M., & Tomey, A. (2010). Nursing theorists and their work (7th Ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby Elsevier. • American Nurses Association [ANA] (2010). Nursing: Scope & standards of practice (2010 Ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Nursesbooks.org. • Edge, R., & Groves, J. (2006). Ethics of health care: A guide for clinical practice (3rd Ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar. • McClimans, L. (2009). Elective twin reductions: evidence and ethics. Bioethics, 24 (60), 295-303. • Orentlicher, D. (2010). Multiple embryo transfers: time for policy. Hastings Center Report. 40 (3), 12-13.