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Embedded Linux Systems

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Embedded Linux Systems. Jesper Holt Nielsen. Overview. Short about Linux Linux Distributions Embedded Linux Systems Basics Open Embedded Framework (OE) Basics Bitbake Ängstrom dist. Linux. Kernel Manage input/output requests from software Distro on top of the Kernel

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Embedded Linux Systems

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  1. Embedded Linux Systems Jesper Holt Nielsen

  2. Overview • Short about Linux • Linux Distributions • Embedded Linux Systems • Basics • Open Embedded Framework (OE) • Basics • Bitbake • Ängstrom dist.

  3. Linux • Kernel • Manage input/output requests from software • Distro on top of the Kernel • Different user layers and privileges • User space • Kernel space • Root File System • Same partition as the root dir • Top-most directory • GPIO

  4. Device Drivers • Hardware specific drivers • Hardware dependant • Loaded with the kernel (build into) • Communicate through the computer bus • Translator between hardware and applications (or OS) • Interrupt handling to the HW

  5. Kernel Modules • Extend running kernel • Add support for new hardware • Hardware specific drivers (usually) • Not build into the Kernel • Loaded and tested on the fly • With lsmod, insmod, rmmod (modprobe) • .ko extension (Kernel Object)

  6. Linux GPIO • Folder structure of devices available • Easy GPIO access from userspace • /sys/class/gpio • Control interfaces used to get userspace control over GPIOs • With export and unexport • Ask kernel to export control of a GPIO to userspace(given by a number)

  7. Linux Distribution • Operating system on top of a kernel • Can be specific to hardware devices • Collection of software (free- / open-source) • Managed by repositories • Range from fully featured distros to minimal distros (Embedded systems) • 600+ Linux distrobutions

  8. Embedded Linux SystemsOverview • System with dedicated function • Dedicated to handle a specific task • Optimized in size and cost • Increase reliability and performance • Part of a larger system • Mechanical or electronical • Microcontrollers • Widespread use, cosumer products to industrial use

  9. Open Embedded Framework (OE) • Set of metadata used to cross-compile • Packages, software • Used to build and maintain • Various Embedded Linux Distributions • For example Ängstrom • Use the Bitbake build tool • Collects and manages package recipies • Controls how to build things, plus dependencies

  10. OE primary use-cases • Handle cross-compilation. • Handle inter-package dependencies • Must be able to emit packages (tar, rpm, deb, ipk) • Must be able to create images and feeds from packages • Must be highly configurable to support many machines, distribution and architectures. • Writing of metadata must be easy and reusable • Flexibility and power have always been the priorities

  11. OE targets and platforms • Primarely ment for Linux dist • Target processor architectures • ARM, x86, x86-64, PowerPC, MIPS • Distributions • OpenZaurus, Ångström, Familiar, SlugOS • Systems • Wide range, for example BeagleBoard, gumstix

  12. Thankyou

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