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WHAT IS SCIENCE?

WHAT IS SCIENCE?. Interest Grabber. Chapter 1 Key concept: What is the goal of science?. organized method. SCIENCE: Is an ________________ Uses_______ to ______ events ______and organizes ______ Deals only with __________ Looks for _______ and __________. evidence explain.

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WHAT IS SCIENCE?

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  1. WHAT IS SCIENCE? Interest Grabber Chapter 1 Key concept: What is the goal of science?

  2. organized method SCIENCE: • Is an ________________ • Uses_______ to ______ events • ______and organizes ______ • Deals only with __________ • Looks for _______ and __________ evidence explain Collects information natural world patterns connections Image from: http://www.erschools.org/Teachers/henderson/webquest/images/scientist.jpg

  3. propose explanations Scientists: _______________ that can be _______ by ___________________ TESTED examining evidence http://www.darvill.clara.net/enforcemot/graphics/newton.gif

  4. How?Thinking like a scientist • Begins with ____________- gathering __________ about events/processes in a careful/orderly way • Gather _________ a. ___________- _______ b. ___________- ________________ • Use data to make … a. _____________ b. _____________ based on prior ______________________ observations information data Quantitative #’s Qualitative descriptions/char. inferences interpretations Knowledge/experience

  5. not “just facts” “WAY OF KNOWING” Science is ______________but a ___________________ Because of new tools, techniques, & discoveries, our understanding of science is __________________. ALWAYS CHANGING http://www.npr.org/programs/fa/features/2005/04/flat_200.jpg http://atmos.pknu.ac.kr/~swimm/wall/1024/EARTH.JPG

  6. AIDS Renewable fuels Global warming Stem Cell Research Alternative energy Our understanding of science is _________ in _______ intelligent ________ about a wide variety of _______ that affect our lives. Endangered species Bird flu Cancer Pollution Cloning Nuclear power essential making decisions issues

  7. Designing An ExperimentThe Scientific Method • Observations- State _____________________ • __________- _____________ for a set of observations • Experiment (______________) a. Test Hypothesis b. ______________- factors that ____________ 1. Variable that is deliberately changed= ___________________= _____________________ 2. Variable that changes in response to manipulated variable= _____________________= ___________________ 3. Controlled Variables (constants) c. Control Group versus Experimental Group • _______ results • Draw _______________- Hypothesis supported or refuted? Why? problem/question Hypothesis Explanation Controlled Variables change manipulated var. independent var. dependent var. responding var. Analyze conclusions

  8. Designing an Experiment Repeating & Publishing Investigations: • Are results _________? (Can they be ___________) 2. Did the procedure have _______? (Other _________ should review) reliable reproduced flaws scientists

  9. Early ExperimentsFrancesco Redi (1668)“Meat & Maggots” Experiment • Did not agree with ______________________- that life could _______ from _____________ matter. • Proposed that_________ produce maggots. • Hypothesis- _________________________________ • Controlled var.- _________________________________ • Manipulated var.- ___________________ • Responding var.- ___________________________ • Conclusion= _________________________________ Therefore, NO _______________________ spontaneous generation arise nonliving flies No flies at meat, no maggots will appear jars, types of meat, location, temperature, time gauze Whether maggots appeared Maggots form only when flies touch meat Spontaneous generation

  10. Early ExperimentsTest of Redi’s Findings • John Needham (1700’s)- believed spontaneous generation could occur under ______________. He changed experiment by _________ sealed body of gravy produced _____________. (Why?) • Lazzaro Spallanzani- believed __________ would kill any __________ in gravy. ____ ________ occurred in the ________ flask (man. var.) he was correct. right conditions heating “animalcules” boiling organisms No growth sealed

  11. Early Experiments • Louis Pasteur (1864) Scientists still argued that ____ is the ____________ and that _____________ excluded it by ___________ jar. Pasteur modified experiment- created long ______________ flask. This allowed air ___. No __________ was observed. He broke the neck one year later- ______________________. ***Finally, a major shift in thinking occurred*** air “life force” Spallanzani sealing curve-necked in growth growth began to occur

  12. Developing a Theory A _______ is… • A logical ________________ for a broad range of _____________. • Well ___________ • ________ explanation to date/not absolute ________. theory explanation observations supported Best truth

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