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POLITICS AND REVOLUTIONS: 1815-1850

POLITICS AND REVOLUTIONS: 1815-1850. AP European History. Congress of Vienna, 1814-15. I. Congress of Vienna, 1814-15 A. Concert of Europe 1. were guided by the principle of the balance of power. B . Congress System (1815-1822)

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POLITICS AND REVOLUTIONS: 1815-1850

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  1. POLITICS AND REVOLUTIONS: 1815-1850 AP European History

  2. Congress of Vienna, 1814-15

  3. I. Congress of Vienna, 1814-15 A. Concert of Europe 1. were guided by the principle of the balance of power. B. Congress System (1815-1822) C. The “Holy Alliance” – RAP

  4. II. Conservatism A. Reaction to liberalism 1. Klemens von Metternich 2. Austria and the German states Dominated by Metternich a. Multi-ethnic Hapsburg Empire: national self-determination 3. Carlsbad Decrees a. instituted repressive measures against liberalism in the German Confederation.

  5. Peoples of the Hapsburg Monarchy, 1815

  6. III. Liberalism A. Individual is a self-sufficient being whose freedom and well-being are sole reasons for existence of society 1. Political - representative government 2. Classical liberalism minimal government interference in the economy, individual freedoms, equality before the law

  7. IV. Nationalism A. Characteristics 1. Cultural unity – common language 2. Desire for national border with cultural boundaries. 3. Immediate origins: French Revolution & Napoleonic Wars

  8. IV. Utopian Socialism A. Advocacy of social and economic planning B. Early French socialists 1. Count Henri de Saint-Simon “key to progress was proper social organization” 2. Louis Blanc 3. Pierre Joseph Proudhon “What is Property” – stolen from the workers

  9. C. Scientific Socialism – Marxism 1. Karl Marx (1818-1883): Communist Manifesto (1848) w/ Friedrich Engels; 2. Criticism of Utopian Socialist: appeals to the wealthy to help the poor were naive. 3. Socialism would be established by violent revolution. “Working men of all countries unite!”

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