Presented by Houlin ZHAO Director, TSB E-mail: houlin.zhao@itut

1. International Telecommunication Union The Telecommunication Standardization Sector Presented by Houlin ZHAO Director, TSB E-mail: houlin.zhao@itu.int

2. ITU initiatives related to internet • Introduction and market trends • Policy forum – WTPF 01 • ITU-T studies • Conclusion

3. Migration towards an IP-based backbone network

4. 357 Mbit/s USA &Canada 56’241 Mbit/s 19’716 Mbit/s Asia-Pacific Europe 2’638 Mbit/s 468 Mbit/s 171 Mbit/s LatinAmerica & Caribbean Arab States, Africa 127 Mbit/s Inter-regional Internet backbone Source: TeleGeography Inc., Global Backbone Database. Data valid for Sept. 2000.

5. Number of Internet host computers, in millions, and annual growth in % Source: ITU, adapted from Internet Software Consortium <www.isc.org>.

6. Top Internet markets Top 10 countries by Internet user penetration, Jan. 2001 Top 10 countries by number of Internet users (millions), Jan. 2001 Source: ITU, Internet Software Consortium <www.isc.org>, RIPE <www.ripe.net>.

7. Internet hosts – South America

8. Internet hosts - Venezuela

9. Internet users per 100 inhabitantsSouth America

10. Internet users per 100 inhabitantsVenezuela

11. World Telecommunication Policy Forum: What is it? • “The purpose of the forum is to provide a venue for creating a shared vision among policy-makers worldwide on the issues arising from the emergence of new telecommunication services and technologies, and to consider any other policy issue in telecommunications which would benefit from a global exchange of views” • “Rough consensus” in the form of opinions which are non-prescriptive and non-binding • Some 750 senior policy-makers, regulators and industry experts were present, from more than 120 countries and 100 private sector members

12. IP Telephony: What are the issues? • Technical: • How to define IP Telephony? • Is quality of service comparable? Will it improve? • How to handle numbering issues? • Economic: • What price and cost savings can be expected? • How quickly will carriers migrate their networks? • Isn’t it just a form of bypass of telecom monopolies? • Regulatory: • Is it voice or is it data? • License it? Prohibit it? Restrict it? Liberalise it? • Should IP Telephony contribute to Universal Service?

13. Opinion A: General implications of IP Telephony • Implications for Member States • the deployment of IP-based networks benefits users, industries, and the economy at large, because it fosters technical and market innovation, diversity and economic growth • IP … could be viewed as a significant opportunity for all countries to respond to the convergence of information and communication technologies and evolve their networks; • Implications for Operators • continuing development of the Internet and IP-based networks is a significant medium for communications and commerce; • mobile wireless systems are expected to migrate towards an IP-based architecture in order to deliver integrated voice, data and multimedia services, as well as access to the Internet; • ITU … is of the view that: • IPTelephony applications are best supplied in a market in which consumers have choices among multiple, alternative sources because only then will citizens, businesses and the overall economy reap the benefits of innovation and cost effectiveness

14. Opinion A: Invites … • Member States and Sector Members to consider the possibility of the introduction and deployment of IP technologies and IP applications, including the exchange of information; • All Member States to review their current regulatory frameworks with a view to: • encouraging investment, spurring innovation and advancing development; • achieving public policy goals in the context of a converged communication services environment; • considering the possibility of opening their communication services market with respect to IP Telephony by adopting a competition-oriented approach in order to achieve clearly defined public policy goals, taking into account, among other things, the concept of technology neutrality for fully-substitutable services

15. Opinion B: Actions to assist Member States and Sector Members • Encourages Member States to share experiences: • on approaches towards making any sector specific regulation technology-neutral; • the application of domestic competition laws as part of a pro-competitive policy; • establishing sustainable bases to generate financing for universal access/service. • Invites the ITU to: • Carry out and update IP Telephony case studies; • Carry out cost studies and assist Members in performing cost-benefit analyses; • Help Member States attract investment • Invites ITU to carry out regional workshops on: • IP-based technologies and network evolution • Cost structures, pricing mechanisms, interconnection, numbering, attracting investment, market considerations etc.

16. Opinion C: Human Resources Development • Recognizing that: • the transition to an IP environment places new demands on the management and operation of ITU members; • the speed with which countries can extend the benefits of telecommunication technologies will depend on their ability to deploy skilled personnel; • Invites the ITU: • to facilitate the sharing of knowledge and views, by Member States and Sector Members, of global trends in all new technologies, in particular IP applications; • to encourage Member States and Sector Members to create integrated human resources transition plans towards IP; • to assist Member States and Sector Members in evaluating and identifying new and changing human resources requirements

17. Opinion D: Essential Studies to facilitate introduction of IP Telephony • Invites the three ITU sectors to initiate studies to facilitate the introduction of IP Telephony on: • compatibility and inter-operability of radio access between IP networks and PSTNs, • working definitions of IP telephony and Internet telephony • whether, and to what extent, to require compatibility with the existing international telephone service, including developing appropriate performance metrics and QoS • Whether, and to what extent, IP Telephony can be part of national PSTNs and whether traffic identification and measurement need to be considered • identifying the cost elements of international IP connectivity with respect to the introduction of IP Telephony • Invites the ITU-D to establish a group of experts to: • Prepare a checklist of Factors to be considered; • Advise on the policy impacts in developing countries; • Prepare a report to the next World Telecom Development Conference

18. WTSA-2000 Achievements in IP • D.50 - International Internet connection • Confirmed SG 13 as lead SG on IP studies • Many SG Questions involve IP studies

19. Other milestones related to internet • Referencing IETF texts • Recommendation A.5 (05/2000) • Cooperative development of texts • Examples H.248 and T.38 • Joint meetings of ITU-T Study Group Chairmen and IETF Area Directors

20. MoUs related to internet • With ETSI, IETF, W3C on PSO/ICANN • With ISO/IEC and UN/ECE on electronic business

21. IP project – areas of study • Integrated architecture • Impact to telecommunications access infrastructures of access to IP applications • Interworking between IP based network and switched-circuit networks, including wireless based networks • Multimedia applications over IP • Numbering and addressing • Transport for IP-structured signals • Signalling support, IN and routing for services on IP-based networks • Performance • Integrated management of telecom and IP-based networks • Security aspects • Network capabilities including requirements for resource management • Operations and Maintenance (OAM) for IP

22. Y-series Recommendations structure (1/2) Global Information Infrastructure Y.100-Y.199 General Y.200-Y.299 Services, applications and middleware Y.300-Y.399 Network aspects Y.400-Y.499 Interfaces and protocols Y.500-Y.599 Numbering, addressing and naming Y.600-Y.699 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.700-Y.799 Security Y.800-Y.899 Performances

23. Y-series Recommendations structure (2/2) Internet Protocol Aspects Y.1000-Y.1099 General Y.1100-Y.1199 Services and applications Y.1200-Y.1299 Architecture, access, network capabilities and resource management Y.1300-Y.1399 Transport Y.1400-Y.1499 Interworking Y.1500-Y.1599 Quality of service and network performance Y.1600-Y.1699 Signalling Y.1700-Y.1799 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.1800-Y.1899 Charging

24. Scope of the ITU-T IP Project

25. Future trends of IP / non-IP based applications

26. Variable role of IP based network (or protocol)

27. Possible evolution scenario of IP based network in telecommunication environments

28. Goals of ITU-T • To allow individuals to securely share, use and manage information, anytime and anywhere, with security and privacy protection, and with levels of acceptable cost and quality. • To ensure convergence of products and services and their worldwide availability • To ensure global connectivity

29. International Telecommunication Union The Telecommunication Standardization Sector Presented by Houlin ZHAO Director of TSB Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel: +41 22 730 5851 Fax: +41 22 730 5853 e-mail: houlin.zhao@ itu.int