Horticulture Science Lesson 37 Identifying and Managing Insect Plant Pests in the Greenhouse

1. Horticulture ScienceLesson 37Identifying and Managing Insect Plant Pests in the Greenhouse

3. Bring one or more plants that are suffering from disease or insect problems into the classroom. Also bring in one healthy plant. Ask the students to explain why the infected plants could cause a problem. Ask them if the infected plants should be put in the greenhouse with the healthy plants. Ask them to explain their answer. Interest Approach

4. I can explain insects • I can explain insect mouth parts • I can explain insect body parts • Identify the major insect pests found in the greenhouse. Student Learning Targets

5. Terms • aerosols • aphids • aster yellows • biological control • botanical insecticides • Botrytis blight • caterpillars • chemical control • cultural/physical control • damping–off • dip • drench • Erwinia • fumigants • fungus gnats • granular • horticultural oils

6. insect growth regulators • insecticidal soaps • leaf miners • mealybugs • microbial organisms • mites • metamorphosis • parasitic organisms • Phytophthora • plant health • powdery mildew • predatory organisms • Pythium • Rhizoctonia • sanitation • scale • spray • Thielaviopsis • tobacco mosaic • Western flower thrips • whiteflies

7. I can explain greenhouse insects basic knowledge

8. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • The health of crops grown in a greenhouse is challenged by a variety of pests and diseases. • The ability to identify major greenhouse pests and diseases is the first step in a pest management program. • Insect pests can severely damage or ruin a crop if their populations are not managed.

9. Entomology What is Entomology? • It is the study of insects. Insects are always around us. Scientists called entomologist spend most of their time studying these insects

10. Entomology • There are more than 750,000 species of insects which have been identified • There is about 2,000,000 species that have not been identified

11. Life cycles of insects There are two different life cycles that an insect can go through and they are: • Incomplete Metamorphosis • Complete Metamorphosis • Metamorphosis- a complete change of form structure or substance.

12. Incomplete Metamorphosis • eggs • to Early nymph (no wings) • to late nymph (wings developing) • Goes to Adult Three_Stages_of_Incomplete_Metamorphosis__Egg__Nymph__Adult.asf - YouTube

13. Complete Metamorphosis • Egg • Young larva • Mature larva • Pupa • Adult Mosquito life cycle - YouTube

14. Parts of insect • There are three parts to any insect • Head • Thorax • Abdomen

15. Head • The head is the anterior of the three body regions of an adult insect. It bears the eyes (usually a pair of compound eyes), the antennae and the mouthparts.

16. Thorax • The thorax is the middle of the three body regions of an adult insect. It is composed of 3 segments. It bears 3 pairs of legs (one on each segment) and usually 2 pairs of wings. Some insects have only 1 pair of wings.

17. Abdomen • The abdomen is the posterior of the three body regions of an adult insect. It is composed of 11 segments. The abdomen bears the external genitalia of the insect. In female insects these consist of an ovipositor.

18. I can explain insect mouth parts

19. Insect classes How are insects grouped? • They are grouped by the way they feed on plants. So they are grouped by their mouth parts.

20. Insect classes • There are six different mouth parts • Sponging • Rasping- sucking • Siphoning • Chewing-lapping • Chewing • Piercing- sucking

21. Identify which insects have which types of mouthparts • Chewing • grasshoppers, crickets • Pinches or bites off • Chews and ingest plant parts

22. Identify which insects have which types of mouthparts • Piercing-Sucking • Aphids • Pierce epidermal layer of plants • Suck up the exuding sap

23. Identify which insects have which types of mouthparts • Siphoning • Butterflies, moths • Mouthparts dissolve solid substances such as sugar with their saliva

24. Identify which insects have which types of mouthparts • Chewing-Lapping • Ants, bees, wasps • Mouthparts suck up the exposed liquids

25. Identify which insects have which types of mouthparts • Sponging • Flies • Mouthparts have a combination of chewing and sucking mouthparts

26. 3. Identify which insects have which types of mouthparts • Rasping-Sucking • Beetles, weevils • Insects lacerate (tear) the epidermis of plants • Suck up the exuding sap

27. Mini Lab The following utensils are used as mouth parts: pliers, syringe, straw, sponge. Pick the insect they wish to be. • * Pliers: caterpillars, grasshoppers, ants and praying mantis • * Syringe: mosquito • * Straw: bees and butterflies • * Sponge: fly

28. I can explain insect body parts

29. Part of Insect • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4. • 5. • 6. • 7. • 8. • 9. • 10 • 11. • 12. • 13.

30. Activity • Its time for Buganopoly • Select 5 students to be on your team. Materials 1 game board 1 game piece bag 1 set of chance cards

31. Identify the major insect pests found in the greenhouse.

32. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • Aphids are pear-shaped, soft-bodied, usually wingless insects. • They are often green or yellowish in color. • Aphids have the ability to reproduce very rapidly. • Astonishingly, they give birth to live young that are pregnant! • Aphids use their mouthparts to pierce the plant and suck out juices. • Aphids attack a wide variety of greenhouse plants.

33. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • Caterpillars are the larvae of various moth species. • They damage greenhouse crops by eating the plants. • Fungus gnats are long-legged, winged, gray-black insects less than 1/8 inch long. • The larvae of fungus gnats feed on root hairs and tunnel into plant stems. • They prefer a growing medium that is constantly moist.

34. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • Leaf miners are small, stocky flies. • The adult deposits eggs inside a leaf. • The eggs hatch, and the larvae feed on the interior of the leaf, making tunnels as they move along. • Chrysanthemums are subject to leaf miner damage.

35. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • Mealybugs are slow-moving, oval-shaped, whitish insects. • They have a waxy finish and produce small cottony masses. • Mealybugs pierce plant leaves and suck the plant juices. • As with aphids, they give birth to living nymphs.

36. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • Mites have eight legs and are related to spiders. • Mites pierce leaf tissues and suck juices. • Symptoms of damage include a yellow speckled appearance to the leaves, and, in severe cases, yellowing of the leaves and defoliation. • Two spotted spider mites and red spider mites are among the most serious greenhouse pests. • They appear as tiny specks on the plants and are often found on the undersides of leaves and near the apical meristems.

37. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • A two-spotted mite has two dark spots on its back. • Spider mites create a complex network of webbing as they move about a plant. • Cyclamen mites infest a broad range of plants and are not visible to the naked eye. • Bulb mites damage lily bulbs and the developing shoots. • Commercial Pest Control in The Pepper Greenhouse (Spider Mites), Part 1. - YouTube

38. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • Many types of scale insects infest greenhouse plants. • Typically, they have flat, oval, often brown bodies. • They may or may not be covered with armored shells. • Scale insects pierce plant leaves and stems and suck juices. • Western flower thrips are small dark brown insects with two pairs of fringed wings. • They have rasping mouthparts that scrape plant tissue. • The damage they cause to many kinds of plants often appears as whitish discoloration.

39. What are the major pests found in the greenhouse? • Whiteflies are small white insects. • They generally camp out on the undersides of leaves, where they pierce the tissues and suck juices. • Their flat, scale-like larvae feed on the undersides of the leaves. • Whiteflies are major pests of poinsettias and fuchsias.

40. 1. 2. • Major pests of poinsettias and fuchsias.

41. 3. 4. • They appear as tiny specks on the plants and are often found on the undersides of leaves and near the apical meristems.

42. 5. 6.

43. 7. 8. This insect gives birth to live young that are pregnant!