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Modals in the past

Modals in the past. Lida Middle School Xu Wenjun. →. Few people _________________ of Van Gogh before he died. V an Gogh ______________________ a lot of money in his lifetime. →. Van Gogh ______________________ a little money in his lifetime. →.

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Modals in the past

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  1. Modals in the past Lida Middle School Xu Wenjun

  2. → Few people _________________ of Van Gogh before he died. Van Gogh ______________________ a lot of money in his lifetime. → Van Gogh ______________________ a little money in his lifetime. → Did a lot of people know about Van Gogh before he died? may have heard Did Van Gogh have a lot of money in his lifetime? couldn’t have had could have had

  3. → Van Gogh ______________________ it, because he left. Where did Van Gogh work at first? Did he like his job? must have disliked

  4.  Few people may have heard of Van Gogh before he died. Van Gogh could not have had a lot of money in his lifetime.  Van Gogh could have had a little money in his lifetime.  Van Gogh must have disliked it, because he left. Conclusion I: Structure *Modal verbs + have + past participle We can use have + past participle after modal verbs to talk about things in the past.我们可以用情态动词加上动词的完成式来表示对过去发生的动作或状态的推测。

  5. Conclusion II: 1.To talk about something that we think certainly happened, we can use must + have + past participle. 当表示过去肯定发生过的事情时，我们可以用must + have + past participle。 must have been Liu Xiang __________ (be) excited, for he __________ (win) the 110 metres hurdles in Osaka in Japan for the fifth time. won

  6. 2.To talk about something that was impossible, we can use cannot/could not + have + past participle. 当表示过去不可能发生的事情时，我们可以用cannot/could not + have + past participle。 The fact proves that Chinese mountaineers _____________ (fail) to carry the Olympic torch to Mt. Qomolangma. can’t/couldn’t have failed

  7. Complete the sentences with must have or can’t have. • Gloria has won every game she's • played today. She ____________ • (practice) a lot. must have practised 2. A: James was at the party last night. B: He ____________ (be)! He’s in China. can’t have been

  8. Complete the sentences with must have or can’t have. 3. Anna wasn’t at work today. She ____________ (have) the day off. must have had can’t have rung 4. Janet ____________ (ring) you last night. Her phone isn't working.

  9. 3.To talk about something that was possibly true, we can use may/might/could + have + past participle. 当表示过去可能发生的事情时，我们可以用may/might/could + have + past participle。 The trees fell down and it __________(result) from the earthquake. may/might/could have resulted

  10. Change these maybe statements to statements with may have, might have, orcould have. Situation: Tom dropped out of the course after the first few weeks. The following are some guesses about why he did it.

  11. Change these maybe statements to statements with may have, might have, orcould have. 1. Maybe he preferred an earlier class. (could) He could have preferred an earlier class. 2. Maybe the class was too hard for him. (may) The class may have been too hard for him.

  12. 3. Maybe he found a full-time job. (might) He might have found a full-time job. 4. Maybe he had a lot of problems at home. (could) He could have had a lot of problems at home. 5. Maybe he left town. (might) He might have left town.

  13. Multiple Choice • He was late. He ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. • A. might B. would • C. can D. will A

  14. Multiple Choice 2.--Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. --Well. He ______ have gone far--his coat’s still here. A. could B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t C

  15. Multiple Choice 3.This cake is very sweet. You ______ a lot of sugar in it. A. would put B. could have put C. might put D. must have put D

  16. Multiple Choice 4.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ______ have taken it? A. may B. must C. could D. would C

  17. Multiple Choice • 5. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ______ your lecture. • couldn’t have attended • wouldn’t have attended • C. mustn’t have attended • D. might have attended A

  18. Write the past form of the modal in brackets. Stonehenge, near Salisbury,England • It (must/be) _______________ a very • important religious site. must have been might have been 2. Originally, there (might/be) ____________ sixty large stones—many 4 to 7 metres high!

  19. Write the past form of the modal in brackets. Stonehenge, near Salisbury,England can’t have moved 3. ‘Surely they (can’t/move) ______________ stones all the way from Wales!’ Some people think they did!’ could they have made 4. ‘How (could/they/make) _______________ the stones stand upright?’ ‘They (must/use) _______________ hundreds of men.’ must have used

  20. Write the past form of the modal in brackets. Stonehenge, near Salisbury,England Could the Romans have built 5. ‘(Could/the Romans/build) ____________ it? ‘No, they (could) _______________. It was built about 3100 BC, long before the Romans came to Britain.’ they couldn’t have (done)

  21. Look at the pictures and underline the correct answer. 1. The post must have / might have / can’t have arrived.

  22. Look at the pictures and underline the correct answer. 2. She can have / can’t have / might have been on holiday.

  23. Look at the pictures and underline the correct answer. 3. He might not have / can’t have / must have forgotten his key.

  24. Look at the pictures and underline the correct answer. 4. She must have slept / can’t have slept / might haveslept last night.

  25. must Dick have passed the exam. can’t / couldn’t may / might / could Diana have been murdered. may not / might not For questions about possibility we usu. use could. Could Dick have passed the exam? Yes, he could / might have (done). (It’s possible) No, he can’t / couldn’t have (done). (certainly not) Yes, he must have (done). (yes, certainly)

  26. Complete the dialogue with a verb given in past modal form. A: Did Jane go to the party by bike? B: She _______________ (not go) by bike. Her bike is still there. A: So she _______________ (take) a bus. B: But she hates to be pushed on the crowded bus. A: Then she _____________ (go) by taxi. B: It _______________ (be) her choice though it would cost more money. couldn’t/can’t have gone must/might/may have taken must have gone may/might/must have been

  27. Translation: He may/might have missed the plane 1. Jack isn’t home yet. _______________________ （他可能误了飞机）. 2. _______________________（他们不可能出去了） because the light’s on. 3.他当时肯定知道玛丽需要什么。 They couldn’t/can’t have gone out He must have known what Mary wanted at that time.

  28. Assignment 1. Review what you have learnt today. 2. Finish off Ex A & B on page 26 in your Workbook.

  29. Thank you !

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