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Gender Based Cognitive Differences

Gender Based Cognitive Differences. Sex~Gender Raiha Aftab National Institute Of Psychology QAU Islamabad. Cognition (samjh boojh) The thoughts, knowledge, or all mental processes involved in the act of knowing It includes perception Thinking Attention Language Reasoning

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Gender Based Cognitive Differences

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  1. Gender Based Cognitive Differences Sex~Gender Raiha Aftab National Institute Of Psychology QAU Islamabad.

  2. Cognition (samjh boojh) • The thoughts, knowledge, or all mental processes involved in the act of knowing • It includes • perception • Thinking • Attention • Language • Reasoning • Classifying • Problem solving • Creativity

  3. Research believe that the humans are born with equal capabilities of cognition in their mind. • Differences seen in people are due to • “stimulation” and “growth opportunities” • Cultural and sociological factors • Sex role typing • Attention • Opportunities • Chance • Being in the right place at the right time • Achievement vs. Aptitude

  4. 14 years of age In Pakistan the trends are marred by lack of national testing and the extreme gender role disparity For example ---Pervez and Naeem’s

  5. In the world of knowledge fewer women have come to the surface • The underlying reasons are cultural, societal and some biological constraints which do not allow women to concentrate as men do. • Over all test indicate non significant differences • Girls generally score higher than boys on tests of intelligence up-to adolescent. But if tests are controlled for the types of abilities tested, the differences are nullified • During adulthood males have a slight advantage over females regarding intelligence

  6. Ability-wise Differences Verbal Memory Numerical/Mathematical abilities Creativity and problem solving Perceptual processes Spatial and mathematical aptitude Artistic and musical aptitude Manual dexterity

  7. VERBAL ABILITIES Females males • Superior from infancy to adulthood • Then it remains constant • Say first word sooner • Clear pronunciation • Sentence structure is complex • Opposites, analogues, sentence completion, story completions , and comprehension • Boys tend to have more stuttering and stammering disorders • Men use more verbs, implements and utensils, abstracts and occupation.

  8. Memory • Females excel in memory at all ages • Repetition • Reproduction of designs • Social context related memory is better in women • School classmates names and faces

  9. Numerical/Mathematical Ability • Boys excel in all ages • The difference signifies from childhood to early adolescence • Reasoning, ingenuity, induction • Numerical or arithmetic reasoning ~ males • Females score high on speed and accuracy • Multitasking • Relational Thinking • logical reasoning

  10. Creativity and Problem Solving • Men seems to be superior when the problem requires the ability to break, reset, or restructure a problem • Convergent thinking tasks • The ability to give answer to questions that do not require creativity • Current events, study skills, problem solving judgment and analogues • Male dominance • Divergent thinking tasks • It’s a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions • Object uses, word uses, pilot titles, expressional fluency, subject improvement • Females dominance

  11. Convergent thinking Divergent thinking

  12. Perceptual Process • Perception is the process by which organisms interpret sensation to produce a meaningful experience of the world. • Perceptual of details • Perception functions concerned with spatial orientation • Females tend perform better on Perceptual of details • because it relates to rapid perception of detail and frequent shifts of attention. • Males tend to be better at spatial orientation, • Figure and ground abilities • Disregarding visual cues

  13. Spatial and Mechanical Aptitude • Males have been found to be superior • Artistic and musical ability • Females have superiority • Manual Dexterity • Females have superiority • Analytical ability • Males are favored • Conceptual formations • Females are favored

  14. Questions ?

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