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Turning Points of the Civil War

Turning Points of the Civil War. 1861-1865. Vicksburg Mississippi. Was the last stronghold for the Confederates on the Miss. River In 1862 Farragut secured the Miss River Grant had seized as far south as Memphis. Vicksburg. GRIERSON’S RAId

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Turning Points of the Civil War

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  1. Turning Points of the Civil War 1861-1865

  2. Vicksburg Mississippi • Was the last stronghold for the Confederates on the Miss. River • In 1862 Farragut secured the Miss River • Grant had seized as far south as Memphis

  3. Vicksburg • GRIERSON’S RAId • Grant Intended to march on the city from the southern part of Mississipi • In order to maneuver troops into position he needed a diversion • He sent Grierson to take 1700 troops on a cavalry raid through Mississippi

  4. Vicksburg • Grierson went on a two week raid of Mississippi --- • This gave Grant time to set up his troops and enter Miss from the south • From this point Grant ordered a march directly east --- commanding his troops to live by foraging

  5. Vicksburg • Grant marched 180 miles in 17 days fighting 5 battles and killing 7,200 confederates • May 1863 – Grant launched to assaults on the city- both repelled • Grant decided the only way to take the city was by seige

  6. Vicksburg • July 4th 1763 the Confederates surrender

  7. The War in the West, 1863: Vicksburg

  8. Road to Gettysburg • Shortly after Antietam, Lincoln became Frustrated with McClellan bc – he could have destroyed Lee’s retreating army but he let them go untouched • Nov. 7 1862 – McClellan replaced with Gen. Ambrose Burnside

  9. Fredricksburg • Dec. 8, 1862 –Burnside ordered a series of attacks on Lee – located at Fredericksburg Va. Union suffered 12,000 casualties, twice as many as the CSA • Lincoln replaces Burnside with Gen. Joseph Hooker

  10. Chancellorsville • Hooker devised a plan to attack Lee’s troops at Fredericksburg • He would divide his troops • Some would stay at Fredericksburg • Others would leave go west and attack Lee’s troops from the west • May 2, 1863 Lee’s troops attacked Hookers forces at Chancellorsville • CSA outnumbered 2-1, won and Hooker surrendered on May 5, 1863

  11. Battle of Gettysburg • Having weakened the Union Forces – Lee wanted to invade the Union • Lincoln replaced Hooker with Meade • Lee moved North – some of his troops forged into Gettysburg • When they arrived the CSA ran into Union troops under the command of John Buford • 1st day – Union troops were pushed out of the town into hills directly south

  12. Gettysburg • 2nd day – Lee attacked but the Union Held their Ground • Cemetary Hill • Cemetary Ridge • Little Round Top 3rd Day – Lee ordered a massive attack of 15,000 troops under General Pickett and A.P. Hill – (mile wide line of troops) 7,000 casualties in less than a half hour

  13. Gettysburg • Less than 5,000 troops made it up Gettysburg • Lee quickly rallied his troops and ordered a retreat • Sever blow to both sided • Union 23,000 casualties • CSA 28,000 casualties

  14. Gettysburg Casualties

  15. The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

  16. Gettysburg Address • In Nov, 1863 – Lincoln came to Gettysburg to dedicate a portion of the battlefield as a military cemetery • He was not the key note speaker – spoke for 2hrs • Lincoln spoke for 5 minutes

  17. The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

  18. Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

  19. Recruiting Blacks in NYC

  20. NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

  21. NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

  22. A “Pogrom” Against Blacks

  23. Inflation in the South

  24. The Progress of War: 1861-1865

  25. Grant • Grant’s successes in the West make him General in Chief of the entire Union Army • Chickamauga • Chatanooga • Wilderness to Cold Harbor • Seige of Petersburg • Farragut and Mobile • The Fall of Atlanta - Sherman

  26. Grant • Sherman – Nov 15 1864 – marches to the sea (Total War) • Destruction 60 miles wide • Turned North and headed to South Carolina • Did not spare SC • Thirteenth Amendment

  27. Sherman’s“Marchto theSea”throughGeorgia,1864

  28. 1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

  29. The Peace Movement: Copperheads Clement Vallandigham

  30. 1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

  31. Presidential Election Results:1864

  32. The Final Virginia Campaign:1864-1865

  33. Surrender • April 1st 1865 – Union troops cut the last rail lines into Petersburg • Lees troops left their positions and fled west • Attempt failed – Sheridan’s Calvary blocked Lee off at Appomattox

  34. Terms of Surrender • US would not persecute southern troops for treason • Let them take horses to work farms • Lincoln’s Assassination

  35. Surrender at AppomattoxApril 9, 1865

  36. Casualties on Both Sides

  37. Civil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other Wars

  38. Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

  39. The Assassin John Wilkes Booth

  40. The Assassination

  41. WANTED~~!!

  42. Now He Belongs to the Ages!

  43. The Execution

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