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IPv6 at CERN C5 Presentation 7 November 2003

IPv6 at CERN C5 Presentation 7 November 2003. Daniel Davids CERN / IT. Summary. Why IPv6 ? Migration ? Internet2 LSR. Why IPv6 ?. Shortcomings of IPv4 Advantages of IPv6 IPv4 Address Space Expansion Header Format Simplification and Support for Extensions & Options

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IPv6 at CERN C5 Presentation 7 November 2003

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  1. IPv6 at CERNC5 Presentation7 November 2003 Daniel Davids CERN / IT

  2. Summary • Why IPv6 ? • Migration ? • Internet2 LSR C5 Presentation

  3. Why IPv6 ? Shortcomings of IPv4 Advantages of IPv6 • IPv4 Address Space Expansion • Header Format Simplification and • Support for Extensions & Options • Address Auto-Configuration • Designed for P2P Mobility C5 Presentation

  4. IPv4 Address Space Allocation 1981 – IPv4 Published 1985 ~ 10% Allocated 1990 ~ 12% Allocated 1995 ~ 39% Allocated 2000 ~ 48% Allocated 2003 ~ 65% Allocated 2005 ~ ? ? ~ 100% Allocated ? C5 Presentation

  5. RIPE NCC Statement IPv4 Address Space: 30 October 2003 http://www.ripe.net/ There have been press articles posted over the past year that make statements about the remaining pool of IPv4 address space. A recent article states there is a shortage and that Internet Protocol Numbers will run out some time in the year 2005. C5 Presentation

  6. Address Space Expansion 8 8 8 8 128 Class-As of 16,777,216 16,384 Class-Bs of 65,536 2,097,152 Class-Cs of 254 IPv4 A B C D IPv6 3 20 9 16 16 64 0 0 1 Sub- Nets RIR LIR EU Interface /23 /32 /48 /64 /128 Total of 18.4 Exa-Subnets of each 18.4 Exa-Addresses 36,050 Subnets per Square-Meter of Earth’s Surface http://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ipv6policy.html C5 Presentation

  7. CERN’s Allocations • CERN’s IPv4 Address Ranges • 128.141.0.0/16 & 137.138.0.0/16 • This makes roughly 130,000 Addresses • CERN’s IPv6 Address Range • 2001:1458::/32 - LIR Since June 2003 • This makes roughly 4 Billion Sub-Nets Item for Discussion When does CERN intend to migrate to IPv6? Knowing that their current IPv4 address range is currently sufficient and that the current router infrastructure can NOT be upgraded to IPv6! C5 Presentation

  8. Why IPv6 ? Shortcomings of IPv4 Advantages of IPv6 • IPv4 Address Space Expansion • Header Format Simplification and • Support for Extensions & Options • Address Auto-Configuration • Designed for P2P Mobility C5 Presentation

  9. IPv6 Header & Options • The IPv6 Header Contains the Mandatory Information Fields Version | DiffServ | Flow Label | Payload Length Next Header | Hop Limit | Source | Destination • Optional Information goes into Linked Extension Headers Hop-by-Hop | Destination | Routing | Fragment Authentication | Encapsulating Security Payload C5 Presentation

  10. Why IPv6 ? Shortcomings of IPv4 Advantages of IPv6 • IPv4 Address Space Expansion • Header Format Simplification and • Support for Extensions & Options • Address Auto-Configuration • Designed for P2P Mobility C5 Presentation

  11. Address Auto-Configuration • An Interface can receive an IPv6 address from each network it sees • Multiple IPv6 Addresses per Interface • Uniqueness: Use of Pseudo-MAC Address Mobility • Always use the same IPv6 address regardless of the network it sees • It Acquires a Dedicated “Home Address” • Use of Source Routing – Efficient in IPv6 C5 Presentation

  12. Summary • Why IPv6 ? • Migration ? • Internet2 LSR C5 Presentation

  13. Migration ? • Co-Existance 4 & 6 • IPv6 in IPv4 Tunnels • NAT-PT for IPv6 • IPv6 Test-Bed C5 Presentation

  14. Co-Existance 4/6 • Co-Existance is no Problem • As Long as you Don’t want to Interact between IPv4 & IPv6 • Your Work-Station can run Both IPv4/6 Stacks Simultaneously • IPv4/6 has No Impact on Bridging • Most Recent Backbone Routers can Route IPv6 at Wire-Speed • The Application Needs to Decide if it Wants to Use IPv4 or IPv6 C5 Presentation

  15. IPv6 in IPv4 Tunnels Border Routers Encapsulate IPv6 Packets in IPv4 Packets and Send them over the IPv4 Network towards the Peer end of the Tunnel Both Ends of the Tunnel must have an IPv4 and an IPv6 Address! IPv6 6in4 IPv4 6in4 IPv6 IPv4 6in4 IPv6 IPv4 6in4 IPv6 C5 Presentation

  16. IPv4 IPv6 Native IPv4 Native IPv6 NAT-PT for IPv6 Network Address TranslationProtocol Translation for IPv6 NAT-PT Allows Native IPv6 Hosts to Communicate with Native IPv4 Hosts, AND VICE VERSA! Constraints: No Security – Not All Applications Work! C5 Presentation

  17. IPv6 Test-Bed C5 Presentation

  18. Summary • Why IPv6 ? • Migration ? • Internet2 LSR C5 Presentation

  19. Internet2 LSR • People Involved • LSR Contest Info • LSR of May 2003 • LSR of October 2003 • The DataTAG Project C5 Presentation

  20. People Involved • CERN, Geneva: • Olivier Herve Martin • Daniel Davids • Paolo Moroni • DataTAG/CERN: • Edoardo Martelli • CALTECH - US: • Harvey Newman • Sylvain Ravot • Dan Nae C5 Presentation

  21. Internet2 LSR Contest http://lsr.internet2.edu/ “A minimum of 100 megabytes must be transferred a minimum terrestrial distance of 100 kilometers with a minimum of two router hops in each direction between the source node and the destination node across one or more operational and production-oriented high-performance research and education networks” “Unit of measurement is bit-meters/second” C5 Presentation

  22. LSR IPv6 of May 2003 • TCP/IPv6 Single Stream • By CALTECH & CERN • Established on 3 May 2003 • 7,067 Kilometers of Network • 983 Mbits/second - 3600 seconds • Data transferred: 412 Gigabytes • 6,947 Terabit-meters/second • See “http://cern.ch/ipv6-lsr/” C5 Presentation

  23. Chicago - USA Geneva - CH W02CHI Dual Xeon2.2GHz SysKonnect GbE W02GVA Dual Xeon 2.2GHz SysKonnect GbE 1 GE 1 GE R05CHI Juniper M10 R05GVA Juniper M10 1 GE 1 GE DataTAG 1 GE STM-16 1 GE R04CHI Cisco 7609 Alcatel 1670 Alcatel 1670 R04GVA Cisco 7606 C5 Presentation

  24. LSR IPv6 of October 2003 • TCP/IPv6 Single Stream • By CERN & CALTECH • Established on 3 November 2003 • 7,067 Kilometers of Network • 3,867 Mbits/second – Three Hours • Data transferred: 5,264 Gigabytes • 27,329 Terabit-meters/second • See “http://cern.ch/emartell/done/datatag/ ipv6_land_speed_record_oct_2003/ ipv6-lsr-20031031.html” C5 Presentation

  25. Chicago - USA Geneva - CH V13CHI Dual Xeon 3GHz Intel PRO/10GbE LR OPLAPRO27 Dual Itanium2 1.5GHz Intel PRO/10GbE LR 10 GE 10 GE DataTAG STM-64 R07CHI Procket 8801 R07GVA Procket 8801 C5 Presentation

  26. Internet2 LSR HistoryTera-bit-meter-per-second IPv4 61.7Peta-bmps IPv6 27.3Peta-bmps C5 Presentation

  27. Internet2 LSR HistoryGiga-bit-per-second For the First Time in theWide Area Networking History,Throughput Performance was onlyLimited by the End-Systemsand NOT by the Network! C5 Presentation

  28. The DataTAG Project Research and Technological Development for a TransAtlantic GRID The goal is to create a large-scale intercontinental testbed for data-intensive Grids with a focus on “Network Research” and “Grid Interoperability” DataTAG-Funded Partners PPARC (UK), INRIA (FR), UoA (NL), INFN (IT) & CERN (CH) Test-bed Transatlantic STM-16 & STM-64 between Geneva (CERN) and Chicago (StarLight) See “http://www.datatag.org/” C5 Presentation

  29. Conclusions • IPv6 Works – but the World is NOT Ready Yet • Migration to a IPv6-Only World will Take Long • The Advantages of IPv6 are Considerable! C5 Presentation

  30. Thank You For your Attention Questions / Discussion

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