NASP January 1, 2001

1. NASPJanuary 1, 2001 Principles for Professional Ethics “Ethical principles articulate the standards of NASP regarding the conduct expected of a professional psychologist”, p.6 The Principles are based on these assumptions:1) school psychologists will act as advocates for their clients, and 2) at the very least, school psychologists will do no harm.

2. NASP Principles for Professional Ethics • Introduction • Professional Competency • Professional Relationships • General • Students • Parents, Legal Guardians, and Appointed Surrogates D. Community E. Other professionals F. School Psychologist Trainees and Interns

3. Ethics continued IV. Professional Practices-General Principles A. Advocacy B. Service Delivery C. Assessment and Intervention D. Reporting Data and Conference Results E. Use of materials and Technology F. Research, Publication, and Presentation

4. Ethics continued V. Professional Practice Settings-Independent Practice A. Relationship with Employers B. Service Delivery C. Announcement/Advertising

5. Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (APA, 2002) Major Changes 1992-2002 • Assessment Standards • 9.02 (use only valid and reliable instruments) • 9.03 (informed consent includes the nature and purpose of the assessment, fees, involvement of third parties, confidentiality limits, and a chance for clients to have questions answered • 9.04 and 9.11-Release of test data-psychologists must release test data to clients and their designees, when clients provide a written release( this change made to clarify amount of discretion psychologists had in not releasing test data under HIPPA). Definitions now provided for “test data” and “test materials”

6. Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (APA, 2002) • Standards 7.02, 7.04, and 7.05-Protection for graduate students in therapy. • Standard 8.02b-Informed consent requirements for experimental research. • Standard 8.12c- Publication credit for students. • Standard 10.01b-Informed consent in therapy. • Standard 10.10b-When to terminate therapy. • Standard 3.05a-Multiple relationships. There are other important changes in wording, defining words, adding standards, discussing the use of interpreters, discussing electronic transmission, prohibitions any unfair discrimination.

7. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)(August 1996) Three Major HIPAA Rules: • Transaction Rule-original compliance date: 10-16-02, extension date: 10-16-03. • Privacy Rule, effective 4-14-03. • Security Rule, issued April 2003, compliance date, April 2005.

8. NASP, APA, HIPPA Major overlapping areas of concern: • Assessment • Privacy and Security

9. Self-Regulation: How Do I Maintain Ethical Behavior?

10. ISPAOctober 3, 2003 • Several resources are available to guide practitioners in the proper provision of psychological services to diverse populations. Cite specific ethical guidelines and principles that govern the task of assessment with diverse clients. What obligations do practitioners face in assessing such clients? What ethical pitfalls must they avoid? • The current NASP and APA Ethical Codes offer guidelines for a psychologist to use when faced with potential ‘multiple’ relationships. What is a multiple relationship? Give an example of what you would consider to be an ethical multiple relationship and an example of what you would consider to be an unethical multiple relationship. Include in your response why the examples given are ethical and unethical and what considerations a psychologist should use in deciding an appropriate course of action to take when faced with decision-making regarding multiple relationships.

11. Please review the following case presentation: Investigators obtained consent from parents, who agreed to complete a battery of adjustment tests and gave permission for their children to be interviewed as part of what was described to them as “a study of contemporary families about behavior of children.” Parents were told that the children would be asked questions about “attitudes towards school, interests and hobbies, and other aspects of routine daily experiences.” In actuality, the interview focused largely on the child’s observation of their parents’ behavior, such as displays of anger and affection, discipline techniques, alcohol and drug use, and other areas. Many questions were intrusive such as, “has either of your parents ever hit you hard?” and, “what do your parents argue about?” After receiving feedback from their children, several parents complained.

12. The investigators defended their interview schedule content by referring them back to their obtained permission to ask the children about their “daily experiences.” What particular problems were noted in the presentation of this research study? Did the authors violate any ethical or legal issues with respect to research clarification and assignment? Please indicate in your response the basics of informed consent and any potential complications that may ensue in providing the parents with specific information regarding subject research procedures or limited information regarding test procedures. Finally, reference key sections of the Ethics Guidelines of the American Psychological Association where possible.

13. The February 2002 issue of Professional Psychology: Research and Practice has an article entitled“ Character and Fitness Requirements for Professional Psychologists: Are There any?” Do you believe that there should be standards of character and fitness for psychologists? If your response is YES, explain whether they should be a part of graduate program standards, the NASP or APA ethical standards, state licensing laws, or a new set of guidelines that are established by APA or some other professional psychology organization. Please list the minimum requirements and justify the inclusion of each requirement. If your response is NO, indicate why not and justify your answer. Also, explain how problems of character and fitness should be handled at the program, agency and state level.