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AnIMal Toxins

Scorpions. AnIMal Toxins. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Chelicerata Class: Arachnida Subclass: Dromopoda Order: Scorpiones. Scientific classification. Characteristics of scorpions.

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AnIMal Toxins

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  1. Scorpions AnIMal Toxins

  2. Kingdom:Animalia Phylum:Arthropoda Subphylum:Chelicerata Class:Arachnida Subclass:Dromopoda Order:Scorpiones Scientific classification

  3. Characteristics of scorpions

  4. 1 = Cephalothorax or Prosoma;2 = Abdomen or Mesosoma;3 = Tail or Metasoma;4 = Claws or Pedipalps5 = Legs;6 = Mouth parts or Chelicerae;7 = pincers or Chelae;8 = Moveable claw or Tarsus;9 = Fixed claw or Manus;10 = Sting or Telson;11 = Anus. Scorpion anatomy

  5. Fat Tailed Scorpions Scientific name: Androctonuscrassicauda Family: Buthidae Genus: Androctunus Toxin: 5 most poisonous scorpions of the world

  6. DeathStalker Scorpion Scientific name: Leiurusquinquestriatus Family:Buthidae Genus:Leiurus Species:L. quinquestriatus Toxin:Chlorotoxin 5 most poisonous scorpions of the world

  7. Gormar Scorpion Scientific name: PandinusCavimanus Family: Genus: 5 most poisonous scorpions of the world

  8. Red Claw Scorpion Scientific name: Pandinuscavimanus Family: Scorpionidae Genus:Pandinus Species: P. cavimanus 5 most poisonous scorpions of the world

  9. Emperor Scorpion Scientific name: Pandinus imperator Family:Scorpionidae Genus:Pandinus Species:P. imperator Toxin: imperatoxin 5 most poisonous scorpions of the world

  10. Transvaal thick-tailed scorpion or dark scorpion Family:Buthidae Genus:Parabuthus Species:P. transvaalicus Toxin: birtoxin

  11. 36 Amino Acid Residue Inhibits conductance of chloride channels by blocking Ca++activated chloride channels in the Central Nervous System. Chlorotoxin (CTX)

  12. Chloride channel protein ClC-Ka Chloride channel protein ClC-Kb Chloride intracellular channel protein 1 Chloride intracellular channel protein 2 Chloride intracellular channel protein 3 Chloride intracellular channel protein 4 Chloride intracellular channel protein 5 Chloride intracellular channel protein 6 Chloride channel protein, skeletal muscle Chloride channel protein 2 H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 3 H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 5 Chloride transport protein 6 Chloride channel protein 7 H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 4

  13. Chlorotoxin

  14. 58 amino acid residues Changes sodium channel activation Birtoxin

  15. Birtoxin

  16. scorpiomaurus Scientific name: S. mauruspalmatus Family:Scorpionidae Genus:Scorpio Species:S. maurus Toxin: maurotoxin

  17. 34 amino acid residue Acts by blocking several types of voltage-gated potassium channel. Maurotoxin

  18. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 1 Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2 Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 3 Intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 3

  19. Maurotoxin

  20. Fever excessive salivation involuntary tearing nausea or vomiting confusion coma convulsions increased or decreased heart rate, body temperature disregulation, and pulmonary edema (wet lungs) Symptoms of poisoning

  21. If you are stung by any scorpion, including the venomous Arizona Bark Scorpion, here are some immediate actions you should take: 1. Wash the area with soap and water. 2.Apply a cool compress on the area of the scorpion sting. Ice (wrapped in a washcloth or other suitable covering) may be applied to the sting location for ten minutes. Remove compress for ten minutes and repeat as necessary. 3. If stung on a limb (arm or leg) elevate the limb to heart level. 4. Keep your tetanus shots and boosters current. First aid

  22. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorotoxin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabuthus_transvaalicus http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/poison/scorpions/overview.html references

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