Penguin Chick By: Betty Tatham Genre: Expository Nonfiction Author’s Purpose: Skill: Main Idea and Details

1. Penguin ChickBy: Betty TathamGenre: Expository NonfictionAuthor’s Purpose: Skill: Main Idea and Details Inform Compiled by Susie Mumper Harvest Elementary

2. Home page • QOD • Million Dollar word • Comprehension Skill/Strategy • Build Background • Vocabulary • Daily Task 12345 • Vocabulary Strategyfor Synonyms • Web links for this selection • Syllable Patterns V/CV, VC/V • Pre-Reading • Review Phonics • Fix-its • Common and Proper Nouns • Emperor Penguin fact sheet • Open response test

4. Web links • Emperor Penguin Wikkipedia page • Kids National Geographic • Save the Egg • Corwin's Quest- Mangrove Mudskipper • Mudskipper home

5. The Emperor Penguin, Aptenodytes forsteri, is the largest penguin. Penguins are birds that cannot fly, but penguins swim very well and spend most of their lives in the sea. Habitat: The Emperor Penguin lives in colonies on pack ice in Antarctica. It is kept warm in the harsh environment by a thick layer of blubber (fat) and by insulating down (feathers). Feathers: Penguins have shiny, waterproof feathers that help keep their skin dry. They have more feathers than most other birds - about 70 feathers per square inch. Each year, penguins molt, losing their old feathers and growing new ones. Anatomy: The Emperor Penguin is up to 3.7 feet (1.1 m) tall and weighs up to 65 pounds (30 kg); this about half the size of an adult person. Males and females look very similar. Like all penguins, Emperor Penguins have a big head, a short, thick neck, a streamlined shape, a short, wedge-shaped tail, and tiny, flipper-like wings. They have webbed feet which they use for swimming. Penguins are countershaded; they have a lighter color on the belly and a darker color on their back; this coloration helps camouflage them when they are in the water, hiding them from predators. Diet: Emperor Penguins are carnivores (meat-eaters) who hunt in the sea. They eat fish and squid. Reproduction: After the female lays a single egg, she goes off to sea. The male incubates the egg, keeping it warm on his feet, enveloped by the stomach, in a "brood pouch" for 72 days (during the coldest part of the Antarctic year). He feeds his chick with "milk" produced by a gland in his esophagus; during this time, he loses half his body weight. home

6. Questions of the Day • How have animals adapted to solve the problems of their environment? • How do the mother and father penguin work together to take care of their chick? • Describe a penguin’s life cycle. • What are some ways that plants protect themselves from predators? home

7. Million Dollar word refuge Refuge is shelter or protection from danger or trouble home

8. Main Idea and Details • The topic is what a piece of writing is about. • The main idea is the most important idea about the topic. • Supporting details are small pieces of information. They tell about the main idea.

9. Graphic Organizers A graphic organizer will help you organize information as you read. You can make a graphic organizer to show the main idea and supporting details of a piece of writing.

10. Read “The Coldest Continent” on p.151. Then we will fill in the graphic organizer to show the main idea and details of the first paragraph. home

11. Build BackgroundCopy this KWL chart in your journal. home

12. Words to know • cuddles • flippers • frozen • hatch • pecks • preen • snuggles

13. More Words to Know • rookery • squid

14. cuddleslies close and comfortable; curls up

15. flippersbroad, flat body parts used for swimming by seals and penguins

16. frozenhardened with cold; turned to ice

17. hatchto come out of an egg

18. pecksstrikes with a beak

19. preen To smooth or arrange feathers with a beak

20. snuggles Lies close and comfortably together; cuddles

21. I watched the blue bird preen his feathers neatly.

22. The baby cub snuggles closely to its mother to stay warm.

23. A large chunk of frozen ice breaks off of the iceberg.

24. All birds hatch from eggs.

25. The seal uses its flippers to help it swim.

26. The kitten cuddles close to its mother and falls asleep.

27. A birds uses its beak to peck through the egg when it is born.

28. Let’s review our words. Watch carefully because they will flash on the screen for just a moment

29. cuddles

30. frozen

31. pecks

32. flippers

33. hatch

34. snuggles

35. preen home

36. Daily Task 1 • With a partner reread pages 150-151 and complete # 2 from Write to Read on p. 150 • Independently do RWB pages 53-54. • Read a leveled reader and take an AR test • With your team work on your station • Independently read AR books from your bag of books and take AR tests. home

37. Daily Task 2 • With a partner read pages 154-161 and answer these questions: • Reread pp. 156–157. Find the main idea and one supporting detail. • Add to your KWL chart for the selection. Think about what you already knew, what you still want to know as you continue to read, and what you have already learned. • Reread p. 163. What is the synonym for the word brush? • Read a leveled reader and take an AR test • With your team work on your station • Independently read AR books from your bag of books and take AR tests. home

38. Daily Task 3 • With a partner complete day 3 of your tri-fold. • Read a leveled reader and take an AR test • With your team work on your CPA chart #’s 1-5. Do your CPA work on Notebook paper and staple it to your chart. • Independently read AR books from your bag of books and take AR tests. home

39. Daily Task 4 • With a partner read pages 170-173 and answer these questions: • How does a small plant like a morning glory get the sunlight it needs? • How can host trees protect themselves from vines like the morning glory or bromeliad? • Read a leveled reader and take an AR test • With your team work on your station • Independently read AR books from your bag of books and take AR tests. home

40. Daily Task 5 • With a partner read a leveled reader and take the AR test • With your team work on your station • Independently read AR books from your bag of books and take AR tests. home

41. Vocabulary Strategy for Synonyms Context Clues Sometimes when you are reading, you come across a word you don’t know. The author may give you a synonym for the word. A synonym is a word that has the same or almost the same meaning as another word. Look for a word that might be a synonym. It can help you understand the meaning of the word you don’t know.

42. Look at the words very near the word you don’t know. The author may give a synonym in the same sentence. • If not, look in the sentences around the sentence with the unfamiliar word. The author may use a synonym for the word. • Try the synonym in place of the word in the sentence. Does it make sense?

43. As you read “Penguins Are Birds,” (p.153) look for synonyms to help you understand the meanings of the vocabulary words. home

44. Syllable Patterns V/CV, VC/V • Dividing words into syllables can help you read new words lemon • These words have just one consonant in the middle. • From looking at the words, we can't tell if the consonant goes with the first syllable or the second syllable. • If the consonant ends the first syllable, the vowel sound is short. • If it goes with the second syllable, the vowel sound is long.

45. If I don't know a word like this, I can try saying it with a long e: l mon. That doesn't sound right, so I'll try a short e in the first syllable: lem on. That's a word I know! The short vowel sound must be correct.

46. pilot Read these words and then identify the vowel sound in the first syllable.

47. Read these sentences and identify the vowel sound in the first syllable of the underlined words. The child stared unhappily at the broken toy. As soon as the music started, we got quiet. My mother is a member of the Senate. home

48. How do we keep ourselves warm and how animals keep themselves warm? home

49. Review Phonics • We studied the sound /oi/ spelled oi and oy. • Read the sentence to yourself. Raise your hand when you know which words have the sound /oi/. The boy toiled under the hot sun. • What letters stand for /oi/ in boy? • What letters stand for /oi/ in toiled? home