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Modernisation

Modernisation. World Systems. Dependency. Starter: For each theory find three statements from the list on the left that match them. C/W. Neo-colonialism. 20 th January 2015. Modernisation. World Systems. Dependency. Starter:

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Modernisation

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  1. Modernisation World Systems Dependency Starter: For each theory find three statements from the list on the left that match them.

  2. C/W Neo-colonialism 20th January 2015 Modernisation World Systems Dependency Starter: For each theory find three statements from the list on the left that match them.

  3. C/W Neo-colonialism 20th January 2015 Modernisation World Systems Dependency Starter: For each theory find three statements from the list on the left that match them.

  4. Learning Objectives: • Understand how superpower rule has changed from colonial rule to indirect neo-colonial rule • Assess the mechanisms of neo-colonial control – trade, aid and debt

  5. How can power be maintained? Mechanisms of Colonial Control What mechanisms of control are there? These Images can help.

  6. 4.2.1 How can power be maintained? Mechanisms of Colonial Control What mechanisms of control are there? These Images can help.

  7. Era of decolonialisation Independence brought about conflict rather than immediate freedom for 3 main reasons • Colonial borders did not match religious or ethnic boundaries = conflict • Colonies had a government but indigenous people excluded from running them = lack of experience • As colonial powers left, insurgents pushed them out = violence

  8. Neo-Colonialism • A form of indirect control over developing countries, most of them former colonies Direct political control decreased whilst economic control increased • Economic dependence on primary goods • Economic dominance of multinational companies • Impact of foreign aid and foreign debt

  9. How were they being indirectly controlled? • Aid Often given with ‘strings attached’ forcing the developing countries to spend it in particular ways 2) Trade Low raw material export prices contrast with high prices that developing countries have to pay for manufactured goods 3) Debt Many developing countries pay huge sums of money to developed countries each year in interest

  10. Neo-colonialism? • Left-wing geographers argue that superpowers use subtle, indirect ways to maintain power today • These ways are often termed neo-colonialism • Aid is often given to allies and ‘friends’ rather than the most needy countries (see table), and much aid is ‘tied’ in various ways. • Debt repayments channel money from the developing to the developed world • Even debt relief schemes, such as the HIPC scheme (see map) have been criticised • For HIPC (heavily indebted poor countries) countries to qualify for debt relief, they must follow the economic policies of bankers in the developed world Note the total lack of overlap between the most indebted nations and the top 10 receivers of US aid.

  11. Ghana : success or failure? • In 1957 gained independence from British Colonial rule. • Task 1: Read pg 152-157 • Using table of development indicators for Ghana on p.152. In what ways has Ghana • Made progress? • Fallen behind? THEN ‘Using examples, assess the view that the relationship between the developed and the developing world is a neo-colonial one’ (15 marks)

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