1 / 14

Chapter 10: Muslim Civilizations 622 – 1629

Chapter 10: Muslim Civilizations 622 – 1629. Chapter Focus: Who was Muhammad and how did his teachings lead to the Rise of Islam?. S1: The Rise of Islam. The religion of Islam emerged in the Arabian Peninsula

tracy
Download Presentation

Chapter 10: Muslim Civilizations 622 – 1629

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Chapter 10: Muslim Civilizations622 – 1629 • Chapter Focus: Who was Muhammad and how did his teachings lead to the Rise of Islam?

  2. S1: The Rise of Islam • The religion of Islam emerged in the Arabian Peninsula • Muhammad, born in the town of Mecca in 570 AD, will become the founder of this major world religion.

  3. Muhammad Becomes a Prophet • Muhammad is a business man who strives to live honestly and is angered by greed. • According to Muslim belief, while meditating in the hills, an angel speaks to Muhammad and tells him he is to be a messenger for God. • Muhammad urges Arabs to refuse their worship of many pagan gods, and to submit to the one true God, Allah. • The faith known as Islam begins. Islam is Arabic for ‘to submit to God.’ • At first those in Mecca reject Muhammad, but in time he will defeat his enemies, destroy the idols in the Kaaba, and unite many Arabs under Islam.

  4. Teachings of Islam • The Quran: the sacred text of Islam • The 5 Pillars of Islam • Declaration of Faith • Daily Prayer • Alms for the Poor (Charity) • Fast During Ramadan (Go without food) • Hajj (travel to Mecca, Muhammad’s hometown) • Sharia: Islamic System of Law

  5. S2: Building a Muslim Empire • Soon after Muhammad’s death in 632, disagreements emerged among his followers. • Shiites • The next leader (Caliph) must be the actual descendant of Muhammad’s daughter and son-in-law • Sunnis (the majority, even today) • The next leader (Caliph) should be a ‘pious’ Muslim, or a Muslim who follows the teachings of Islam well.

  6. Despite the divisions, Muslims successfully set out on military campaigns to convert Arab tribes to Islam. • Islam Spreads under the Umayyad and Abbasid Empires (around 600’s to 1200’s AD) • East into Asia • West into Egypt, North Africa, and even Spain

  7. S3: Muslim Civilization’s Golden Age • Under the Abbasid Empire, Muslim civilization absorbed traditions from many cultures, including Jewish and Christian. • Through contact in Spain and Italy, Christian Europeans began to study Muslim philosophy, art, and science. • Muslim scholars also reintroduced knowledge of Greco-Roman civilization to later Europeans.

  8. Social and Economic Advances • Muslims Build and International Trade Network • Trade spreads products, technology, knowledge and culture • Manufactured Goods are Highly Valued • A wealth of fine goods: swords, carpets, furniture • Agriculture Thrives • Farmers began to grow crops from different regions

  9. S4: Indian’s Muslim Empires • The arrival of Islam brought changes to India. As Muslims mingled with Indians, each civilization absorbed elements from the other. • Muslim conquest of northern India brings disaster on Hindus and Buddhists at first, but over time relations will become more peaceful.

  10. S5: The Ottoman and Safavid Empires • While the Mughals ruled India, the Ottoman and Safavids dominated the Middle East and parts of Eastern Europe.

  11. The Ottoman Empire • Nomadic people who migrated from central Asia into Asia Minor and Eastern Europe • In 1453, conquered Constantinople, absorbing the Byzantine Empire • The most powerful empire in both Europe and the Middle East for centuries • Sunni Muslims

  12. The Safavid Empire • United an empire in Persia, located between the powers of Mughal India and the Ottoman Empire • Often engaged in warfare with the two powers • Shiite Muslims

  13. Ch 10 Review Questions • What role did Muhammad play in the founding of Islam? • What are some important beliefs of Muslims? • What’s the difference between Sunni and Shiite Muslims? • What were some social and economic advances brought about by Muslim empires? • Why is it significant that the Ottomans conquered Constantinople in 1453?

  14. Chapter 10AssessmentPage 336 • # 1– 12, 14 – 17, 19 - 21 • Terms, People, and Places • Write out sentences with key terms underlined. • Main Ideas • Write out the questions and your responses. *When finished turn in for a grade.

More Related