Great Inventions & their Inventors

Great Inventions & their Inventors A Project Created by MS1 ESL 2

Great Inventions & their Inventors The aim of this project is to introduce to you some great European inventions and their inventors. Our project includes European Union current country members as well as some prospective ones.

Austria Viktor Schauberger Vortex technology (vortex technology is the study of spiraling movement)

Panagiotis Verykios Ms1/ESL 2 Belgium Bakelite Leo Hendrik Baekeland The original bakelizer* *The machine that creates bakelite a substance used as an electric insulator and to make plastic-ware.

"Photography" is derived from the Greek words phos (light) and graphein (to draw). The word was first used by the scientist Plutarch J. Georges in 1839. It is a method of recording images through the use of light or radiation. Cyprus

CzEcH RePuBLiC In 1941, science fiction writer Isaac Asimov first used the word "robotics" to describe the technology of robots and predicted the rise of a powerful robot industry. This led him to the invention of the first most simple robot.

Denmark Hans Christian Orsted was born in 1777 and died in 1851. He discovered electro-magnetism and his work led to the development of electro-technology.

ENGLAND James Gregoryinvented the reflecting(or Newtonian)telescope in 1663. This telescope uses two mirrors to magnify what is being viewed.

EstoniaThad Starner Thad Starner has been wearing his computer since 1993. What began as a short-term experiment became a life-long project.His work focuses on creating a wearable computer that will help the user completemore efficiently day-to-day tasks.

Finland Martin Hildebrand Martin Hildebrand invented lightweight armoured panels which are flexible, and can be produced from combinations of different materials. This technology is used to offer protection against high-penetration projectiles.

One of the most famous inventions is pasteurization. Louis Pasteur discovered that diseases in wine are caused by micro-organisms. These can be killed by heating wine to 55 degrees Celsius. Today this process is applied to beer and milk. France Louis Pasteur (1822- 1895)

Germany Albert Einstein was born on 14 March 1879. He showed that light quanta or particles of energy, could help to explain phenomenabeing studied by experimental physicists. He also made clear how light ejects electrons from metals.

GREECE Archimedes(287-212 BC)invented the water screw, a device used for raising water. It uses an encased screw which is open at both ends. The screw is set at an angle, and as the screw turns water fills the air pockets and is transported upwards. The Archimedes screw is still in use today. .

Holland Cornelis Jacobszoon Drebbel (1572-1634) was a Dutch inventor. Among his many inventions was the first navigable submarine. His submarine design was the first to address the problem of air replenishment while submerged. His inventions were so unusual, thatthey gave him a reputation of being a sorcerer.

HuNgArY Edward Teller was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1908. Although his early training was in chemical physics, Edward Teller has made substantial contributions to the fields of nuclear physics, plasma physics, astrophysics, and statistical mechanics. This made him able to help in the invention of the nuclear bomb!

Ireland Henry Ford was an Irish immigrant involved in the development of the tractor. He founded the giant Ford Motor Company in 1903, which manufactures cars and tractors.

ITALY The Ornithopter flying machine was never actually created. It was a design that Leonardo da Vinci created to show how man could fly. The modern day helicopter is based on this concept.

LATVIA Dr. Imants Kaimins Dr. Imants Kaimins invented an ointment which when spread onto a wound forms a hygienic membrane. This new productcan be used instead of bandages to treat and heal wounds and cuts.

LiThUaNiA Gertrude Elion has made a number of significant contributions to the medical field. She patented a leukemia-fighting drug in 1954 and her research led to the development of Imuran, a drug that aids the body in accepting transplanted organs.

MALTA Sir Temi Zammit discovered the Microcossus Melitensis in the blood of the goat. This was very important because humans drinking un-pasteurized milk would be infected with the microbe, which was the cause of the fatal Mediterranean Fever. Sir Temi Zammit 1864- 1935

POLAND Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) is a renowned astronomer. He is the first in modern times to develop a heliocentric theory of the Solar System. He published his discoveries the year of his death in the work ‘On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres’ (De revolutionibus orbium coelestium).

Antonio Egas Moniz was a physician who developed cerebral angiography. This operation was used as a therapeutic procedure to treat certain mental illnesses. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology in 1949. PORTUGAL Moniz Antonio Egas

SLOVAKIA • Stefan Banic constructed a prototype parachute in 1913 and tested it in Washington D.C. by jumping from the 41stfloor of a building and in 1914 from an aeroplane. • His parachute has become the standard equipment of all pilots.

Slovenia Nicola Telsa He was an immigrant that lived in America. He invented the alternating current (AC) motor. Today virtually all electric motors are descendants of his design.

SPAIN • Sir Forrest Mars invented the M&Ms. • This chocolate product is enjoyed by many people worldwide. The world famous M&Ms

Sweden • Alfred BernhardNobel, who was a chemist, developed a safe way of handling nitroglycerin. He also developed dynamite and ballistite. • When he died in 1896 herequested that the major portion of his property be used to set up a fund. The NOBEL fund awards yearly prizes for merit in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine,Physiology, Literature, and World Peace.

Great Inventions & their Inventors We hope you enjoyed our mini presentation. See you next year… …from MS1 ESL.

Great Inventions & their Inventors