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International Experiences in Regional Coordination: Considerations for the Mekong Delta

International Experiences in Regional Coordination: Considerations for the Mekong Delta. June 18, 2019 HCMC. Overview. 1. 2. 3. 4. Rational for Cooperation Regional Economic Cooperation Pearl River Delta Southern African Development Community Cooperative Water Management Mechanisms

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International Experiences in Regional Coordination: Considerations for the Mekong Delta

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  1. International Experiences in Regional Coordination: Considerations for the Mekong Delta June 18, 2019 HCMC

  2. Overview 1 2 3 4 Rational for Cooperation Regional Economic Cooperation • Pearl River Delta • Southern African Development Community Cooperative Water Management Mechanisms • Australia: Murray-Darling River • USA: Susquehanna River Reflections and Relevance for Vietnam

  3. Cooperation and Coordination exists along a Continuum Dialogue Joint Action Coordination Collaboration Sharing Benefits • Align strategies & plans • Coordinate investments • Identify regional gains • Communication • Notification • Data sharing • Joint strategies & plans • Joint studies & investments • Distribution of benefits • Different levels of coordination and cooperation should be considered and not an “all or nothing” • Optimal level of coordination and cooperation depends on context and potential benefits and the costs of capturing those benefits

  4. Pearl River Delta: Coordination for Economic Growth • Center of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries • Center for international shipping, logistics, trade, and tourism • Nine largest cities have population over 60 million people • Annual gross domestic product growth of 13.45 percent since 1978 (3.5 percentage points higher than the national average)

  5. Clear Objective for Coordination … Despite Increasing Complexity Issues evolve, more complex, More differentiation. More areas of coordination

  6. Institutional Arrangements Summit of Heads of State Summit Troika of the Organ SADC Tribunal SADC Council of Ministers Committee of Sector Ministries Committee of Senior Officials SADC Secretariat Regional Themes Economic Development Disaster Risk Management Infrastructure (including water) Agriculture & Food Security Natural Resources Meteorology & Climate Health Poverty Eradication Social & Human Development Politics, Defence & Security Cross Cutting Issues Gender Science & Technology Information & Communication Env & Sustainable Development Private Sector Statistics HIV & AIDS

  7. Australia: Murray-Darling Basin 1. River Murray Commission (1917 - 1986) • Water sharing between 3 Murray states • Infrastructure development • Irrigation and regional economic development 2. Murray Darling Basin Commission (1986 - 2008) • Same as 1 plus • Integrated natural resource management • Water quality, salinity and catchment integration 3. Murray Darling Basin Authority (2008 - ongoing) • Same as 2 plus • Whole of basin water planning • Ecological restoration and environmental flows • International Obligations

  8. Organizational Responsibilities Involved in Coordination of the MDB

  9. USA – River Basin Organizations • Advisory • Executive • Regulatory • Judicial • Collection and exchange of data • Plan formulation / exchange • Coordination of plans • Waterworks Construction • Waterworks operations and maintenance • Control of beneficial uses of water • Controlof harmful effects of water • Water quality control issues • Environmental flows • Functions & Powers

  10. Organizational Structure of Inter-State Agreements in Susquehanna River President of US – Federal Government Governor of New York Governor of Pennsylvania Governor of Maryland Legislative Authority – Parties to Agreement. Need to approve any changes to the agreement but are not involved with implementation Susquehanna Agreement The Commission – with decision making authority for the Secretariat etc. Representative for New York Representative for Penn. Representative for Maryland Representative for Fed. US Operational level body (integrated) – that actually makes comprehensive plan, facilitates different stakeholders (municipalities, business); conducts testing and research, develops data base, a Legal Entity that can borrow money and develop infrastructure Susquehanna Commission Secretariat Water withdrawal group Flood Control Others… Permitting Group Planning group

  11. Reflections for the Mekong Delta CONSENSUS • Align common interests and priorities • Establish mechanisms for sharing data and information • Build platforms for stakeholder engagement CLEAR • Clearly establish the authorizing environment • Clearly define roles and responsibilities • Clearly define and commit to the financing mechanisms EVIDENCE based • Ensure policy making is evidence informed • Informed by sound technical and scientific analysis • Professional office staffed with operational & coordination capacity TAILOR Design • Evolve the organizational structure, governance and funding based on context ADAPTABILITY • Focus on the functions rather than the form • Balance formal institutional design with evolution and pragmatism • Maximize flexibility in the funding mechanisms fit for purpose REPLICABLE • Select scale and scope that can show how it can work effectively and be replicated

  12. Thank YouQuestions & Discussion

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