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River & Environs. City. Ward. Peri-domestic. Home. (street, school, work-place). ã. World Bank 2004. The urban environment. Peri-domestic. Home. (street,school, workplace). Ward. City. Central Treatment Works. Street Sewers. Collectors.
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River & Environs City Ward Peri-domestic Home (street, school, work-place) ã World Bank 2004 The urban environment
Peri-domestic Home (street,school, workplace) Ward City Central Treatment Works Street Sewers Collectors House Connections ã World Bank 2004 An “engineer’s” view
River & Environs Street Sewer Sewer Mains City Ward Peri-domestic Interceptor/ Collector Home House Connection Treatment Plant/Outfall ã World Bank 2004 The “Household Point of View”
ã World Bank 2004 Some questions that arise Wastewater treatment standards • Objectives of standards: health, environment? • What standards can we afford? • Uniform treatment standards or vary with receiving water and its use? • Reuse of wastewater when there is water scarcity (industrial/irrigation) Sanitation and public health • How do we set priorities on sewerage investment? • Which towns? • Which streets? • Where is onsite sanitation (infiltration) acceptable?
How to target sanitation investments where they will have the biggest impact? Focus on the household…Where most disease transmission occursWhere families are most exposed and most vulnerable