1 / 19

Addressing Corruption in the Asia Pacific Region An overview

Addressing Corruption in the Asia Pacific Region An overview. Thimphu 20-21 August 2007. Patrick Keuleers. Purpose of presentation. Overall integrity picture of the region What are the priorities in the region Analysis of some particular issues and concerns Role of civil society and media

yoko
Download Presentation

Addressing Corruption in the Asia Pacific Region An overview

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Addressing Corruption in the Asia Pacific Region An overview Thimphu 20-21 August 2007 Patrick Keuleers

  2. Purpose of presentation • Overall integrity picture of the region • What are the priorities in the region • Analysis of some particular issues and concerns • Role of civil society and media • Building blocks for successful anti-corruption strategies

  3. Introduction • Despite vast amount spent on corruption efforts corruption in many countries in Asia is seen as endemic and systemic • Despite economic gains, poverty gaps increase • Average score on TI’s index in only 2.8 • Average score on WB indicators on corruption control is also low • Low score on the TI Bribe payers Index • General recognition that corruption is a problem and that curative measures are urgently needed

  4. Governance, corruption and human development

  5. Transparency International’s Bribe Payer’s Index

  6. Regional and Global Initiatives • ADB-OECD Initiative • 27 members • 3 observers (Laos, Bhutan and Brunei) • ASEAN • APEC • NEAPAC, SEAPAC and SAPAC • UNCAC • 140 countries signed • Asia: all countries have signed and 7 have ratified (Australia, Sri Lanka, China, Mongolia, Indonesia, Philippines, Papua new Guinea)

  7. Some trends with regard to policy development • National policies linked to comprehensive anti-corruption strategies • Indonesia, Malaysia, S Korea, Pakistan, Mongolia, Bhutan, Indonesia.. • Implementation plans for new anti-corruption laws and institutional development • Bhutan, Cambodia, Sri Lanka .. • UNCAC implementation – gap analysis • Mongolia, Indonesia .. • Sectoral approaches • Support ethical improvements in ministry of health, local anti-corruption initiatives initiatives

  8. Action Plan of the ADB-OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia Pacific • Pillar 1: Develop effective and transparent systems for public service • Integrity in Public Service • Accountability and transparency • Pillar 2: Strengthen Anti-Bribery Actions and Promoting Integrity in Business Operations • Effective Prevention, Investigation and Prosecution • Corporate Responsibility and Accountability • Pillar 3 – Support Active Public Involvement • Public discussion of corruption • Access to information • Public participation

  9. Priorities and issues – Public sector reform • Corruption still considered an internal problem within the bureaucracy • Civil service reform • Codes of conduct and conflict of interests • Ethics training • E-governance • Procurement • Audits and controls

  10. Asset declarations – lessons from a survey • Constitutional provision? • Tradition? • All civil servants or only target groups? • Verification of declarations? • Public access!!

  11. Political corruption • Long considered insecure ground for development agencies • Transparency for political parties • Party financing and status of political parties • Accountability of elected officials • Codes of conduct for politicians

  12. Private sector • Low on the reform agenda • Corporate codes of ethics • Internal initiatives meager • Regional and global initiatives

  13. Law enforcement and responsible institutions • Single agency versus multiple-agency approach • Judiciary – TI Global report 2007 • ACA’s core success factor: FOCUS • Legislative developments • Illicit enrichment • Active bribing of foreign officials • Private to private corruption • Asset recovery

  14. Civil society • Region still cautious • But interesting experiences • Pakistan’s social audits • Philippines: civil society and procurement • Fiji and Singapore: administrative reviews • Nepal and district administration • Philippines: civil society and lifestyle checks • Indonesia: decentralisation and corruption • Perception surveys and their role • Media and oversight

  15. Access to information • Link between A2I and effective anti-corruption policies • 70 A2I laws • 9 in the Asia Pacific Region • Some concerns: • Right to information remains a difficult and costly exercise • Poor are often discriminated • Ethical behavior of journalists

  16. 6 conditions for a successful anti-corruption strategy • political will • understanding and considering the governance and political context • understanding and anticipating resistance • proper timing and sequencing • sufficient resources and a mandate that is commensurate with these resource • Connecting stakeholders - alliances

  17. Building blocks for a successful anti-corruption strategy • Compilation of all known information • Articulation of the ill-effects/costs of corruption • Public education (through media, educational institutions and other communication means) • Measures to improve legal/regulatory framework to enhance prevention detection and punishment. • Autonomy and financial resources for public accountability institutions. • Measures to increase disclosure, media freedom and civil liberties. • Processes for building a coalition of civil society, government, private sector and media • A program of high priority interventions selected on the basis of diagnostic surveys and in-depth studies. • Arrangements for monitoring, evaluation and reporting systems and regular updating/adjustment of strategy

  18. Thank you

More Related