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Skin Colour and its reaction to light Melanocyte and their role in colouring the skin

Skin Colour and its reaction to light Melanocyte and their role in colouring the skin . Skin Biology Lesson 4 . By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to . Human Colour Pigments . 4 m a i n pigments Carotenoids Deoxygenated haemoglobin Oxygenated haemoglobin

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Skin Colour and its reaction to light Melanocyte and their role in colouring the skin

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  1. Skin Colour and its reaction to lightMelanocyte and their role in colouring the skin Skin Biology Lesson 4

  2. By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to

  3. Human Colour Pigments 4 mainpigments • Carotenoids • Deoxygenated haemoglobin • Oxygenated haemoglobin • Melanin ( melas – black)

  4. Formation of melanin

  5. Dendrites and their journey • Dendrites have tiny pods like threads called melanosomes ( tiny organelle – organs ) • Membrane bound in pods contain melanin • Vary in size depending on race • Comprise 5-10% total cell in basal layer • Transfer melanin to the Keratinocytes

  6. Starting of the Journey

  7. Continuing the Journey • Melanin is colourless when formed – once matured moves along the dendrites • Occurs in the stratum spinosum moves through to neighbouring Keratinocytes • Triggered under the influence of the sun - UV light • Hovers over nucleus • Journeys + flakes off

  8. Completing the Melanocytes journey

  9. MELANIN chemical composition Tyrosine(amino acid) Tyronaise (enzyme) L dopaDopa quinine converts to Eumelanin Brown / Black Pigment Cysteine converts to Pheomelanin Red and Yellow Pigment

  10. Skin colour is due to • Not the quantity but the level of activity and size • Genetically coded

  11. recorded response time to sunlight Fitzpatrick system Developed by Professor Thomas Fiztpatrick Skin types which Type 1 - always burn never tan Type 2 - Usually burns but will tan with difficulty Type 3 -sometime burn but will tan Type 4 - rarely burns Type 5 - almost never burns

  12. Calculations of burn times SPF factors How long can you stay in the sun without burning? Sun protection factors 15+ 30+ SPF rating x by 15 Spf2 x15 = 30 mins Spf15 x 15 = 225mins (3 hrs 45mins) Spf30 x 15 = 450 mins (7hrs 30 mins)

  13. Long term effects of sun exposure

  14. Skin cancers

  15. Skins reaction to light • Primary response • Is to go red and burn • Secondary response • Occurs after a few days • Resulting in a tan

  16. Level of coverage Body responses Depending on time and amount of sun exposure UVB –epidermis UVC - dermis

  17. SUNBURN

  18. sunburn

  19. Relevance to beauty therapy treatments

  20. ABCD’s of skin cancer

  21. Disorders of the melanocyte • Melasma- also known as chloasmaHyper pigmentation • Caused by Pregnancy, • contraceptive pill, • certain drugs & stress. • Exposure to the sun will • increase melanisation • Once activated very • difficult to remove • Laser treatments have • shown good results Vitiligo – Hypo pigmentation. • The affected skin shows no melanocytes. • No treatment, only cosmetics • Michael Jackson is said to have this • Affect all races, genetically predisposition

  22. Medication / cosmetics /services which can cause photosensitivity Drugs • Antibiotic • Antidepressants • Anti malarials • Anti arthritic drugs • Cortisone Beauty Services • Peels • Waxing • Body scrubs • Aromatherapy massage oils Cosmetics • Perfumes • Aromatherapy oils • Fruit acids • Vitamin A –retin A • Acne medication- • Roaccutane

  23. ADVICE

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