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Judicial Branch

Judicial Branch. Interprets the Laws. The Basics. Judicial Branch=Supreme & inferior courts Supreme Court interprets the laws 1 Chief Justice & 8 Associate Justices on Supreme Court (9 total) Supreme Court Justices (judges) appointed (chosen) for life

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Judicial Branch

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  1. Judicial Branch Interprets the Laws

  2. The Basics • Judicial Branch=Supreme & inferior courts • Supreme Court interprets the laws • 1 Chief Justice & 8 Associate Justices on Supreme Court (9 total) • Supreme Court Justices (judges) appointed (chosen) for life • Beneath the Supreme Court are the U.S. Court of Appeals and District Courts

  3. Supreme Court Requirements • None • Must be appointed by the President and approved (confirmed) by the Senate

  4. Structure (Federal)

  5. Checks & Balances • Supreme Court has the power to rule: • laws unconstitutional • acts of the executive branch (president) or legislative branch (Congress) unconstitutional

  6. Judicial Review • This power allows the courts to review the actions of thelegislative and executive branches. • The Supreme Court established this power in Marbury v. Madison (1803). • This case was the first time the U.S. Supreme Court ruled the actions of another branch were unconstitutional.

  7. Precedent • Precedent-rule of law • When the Supreme Court makes a ruling, that ruling becomes the new precedent or rule of law—all lower courts must follow their interpretation

  8. Types of Cases • The Supreme Court selects cases that involve: • Issues related to the Constitution • Issues between states (ex. Illinois vs. Indiana)or between states and the federal government (ex. Illinois vs. United States of America) • Individual rights of citizens • The Supreme Court doesn’t have to consider a case unless it wants to do so

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