1 / 51

CHAPTER 13

CHAPTER 13. EVOLUTION. NOTE: IT IS MANDATORY TO SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS FROM THE LAB MANUAL: 1. GENETICS PROBLEMS ( pp.132, 133, AND 134: ALL THE PROBLEMS) 2. SUPPLEMENTAL GENETIC PROBLEMS (pp. 135 to 138) problems numbers : 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,16,18,19,21,22,25,26,27,31 AND 34.

lacy
Download Presentation

CHAPTER 13

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. CHAPTER 13 EVOLUTION

  2. NOTE: IT IS MANDATORY TO SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS FROM THE LAB MANUAL: 1. GENETICS PROBLEMS ( pp.132, 133, AND 134: ALL THE PROBLEMS) 2. SUPPLEMENTAL GENETIC PROBLEMS (pp. 135 to 138)problems numbers: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,16,18,19,21,22,25,26,27,31 AND 34

  3. Finches “Descent with Modification” / Natural Selection

  4. MEGATERIUM: A Gigantic sloth 20 feet= 6m Modern tree sloth

  5. Finches “Descent with Modification” / Natural Selection

  6. 1. Evolution: Change over time in the genetic composition of a population which eventually may constitute a new species.ieSpecies of organisms living on Earth nowadays, are the descendants of ancestral species (that were different from modern species.)

  7. Cont. Evolution: On a grand scale, evolution is the gradual appearance of biological diversity from microbes to all organisms living today.

  8. 2. Mechanisms that drive evolution: • Natural selection: If a population goes through an environmental pressure (ie climate change, predators, pathogenic microbes) those individuals whose characteristics (alleles) allow them to adapt best to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, and leave more offspring. Therefore, favored traits will be represented more and more in coming generations.

  9. Natural Selection Animation This is a population of insects. Each color means a different allele for the gene “color of insects”. The background is the environment in which these insects live.

  10. NATURAL SELECTION THE PROCESS

  11. OLD POPULATION NEW POPULATION

  12. OLD POPULATION NEW POPULATION

  13. 2. Cont. Mechanisms that drive evolution: b. Genetic drift: Change in allele frequencies that occur from chance. The smaller the population, the higher the probabilities its allele frequencies will vary from generation to generation, and even an allele may be lost.

  14. 2. Cont. Mechanisms that drive evolution:

  15. Founder Effect: Colonization through the Bering Strait to the Americas (20,000 – 14,000 years ago)

  16. GENETIC DRIFT THE PROCESS

  17. NEW POPULATION OLD POPULATION

  18. NEW POPULATION OLD POPULATION

  19. NEW POPULATION OLD POPULATION

  20. 2. Cont. Mechanisms that drive evolution: POPULATION 2 POPULATION 1

  21. 2. Cont. Mechanisms that drive evolution: POPULATION 2 POPULATION 1

  22. 2. Cont. Mechanisms that drive evolution:

  23. MECHANISMS THAT DRIVE EVOLUTION • MUTATION • GENE FLOW • GENETIC DRIFT • 4. NATURAL SELECTION

  24. Ammonite

  25. Philippines' archipelago

  26. The muscles connected to the ears of a human do not develop enough to have the same mobility allowed to monkeys. Several animals such as pigs, dogs, deer and cattle have reduced non functional digits

  27. Human

  28. Humans: 46 chromosomes Chimpanzees: 48 chromosomes

  29. CHEETAH

More Related