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Appendicular Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton. Appendicular Skeleton. 126 bones – suspended by girdles from axial skeleton Designed for movement Pectoral girdle – 4 bones Upper extremity -Arm – 1 bone - forearm – 2 bones - hand = wrist, palm & fingers – 27 bones [each]. Pelvic Girdle – 2 bones

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Appendicular Skeleton

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  1. Appendicular Skeleton

  2. Appendicular Skeleton • 126 bones – suspended by girdles from axial skeleton • Designed for movement • Pectoral girdle – 4 bones • Upper extremity -Arm – 1 bone - forearm – 2 bones - hand = wrist, palm & fingers – 27 bones [each]

  3. Pelvic Girdle – 2 bones • Lower Extremity – leg – 1 bone • - lower leg – 2 bones • - foot = ankle, instep & toes – 26 bones [each ] • - Patella – 2 bones • *Pelvic or Hip Girdle: • Attaches the lower extremity to the axial skeleton • Provides support for body weight

  4. Hip / Coxal bones [ ossa coxae, innominate bones] Ilium – ASIS, PSIS Ischium - tuberosity Pubis - rami Symphysis pubis Obturator foramen Acetabulum

  5. Lower Extremity • Leg [thigh] – femur Head Fovea capitis Neck Trochanters – greater/lesser Condyles – medial/lateral Epicondyles

  6. Lower Extremity *Leg – region between knee and ankle • Fibula – lateral bone • Tibia – medial bone Malleolus Condyles – medial/lateral Tibial tuberosity

  7. Patella [kneecap] a flat, triangular sesamoid bone Enclosed within the quadriceps tendon

  8. Ankle or Tarsus Contains 7 tarsal bones Calcaneous = heel bone Talus Cuboid Navicular Cuneiforms – lateral, intermediate & medial

  9. Foot • Metatarsals – not named, but numbered 1 – 5 starting at medial side • Toes – phalanges or digits: 3 bones [proximal, distal & middle] for each toe, except big [great] toe which has 2 [no middle phalanx]

  10. Pectoral or Shoulder Girdle • Clavicle [collarbone] – ‘S’ shaped bone * most frequently fx’d bone of body • Scapula [shoulder blade] – thin, flat, triangular bone. • Acromion • Spine • Coracoid process • Gleniod fossa/cavity

  11. Upper Extremity • Arm [brachium] humerus Head Tubercles – greater/lesser Epicondlyes – medial/lateral Olecranon fossa Capitulum Trochlea

  12. Upper Extremity *forearm – region between elbow and wrist • Ulna Olecranon process • Radius head Styloid process

  13. Wrist or Carpus • Contains 8 carpal bones Bound tightly by ligaments Arranged in 2 rows Scaphoid Trapezium Lunate Trapezoid Triquetral Capitate Pisiform Hamate

  14. Hand • Metarcarpals – not named, but numbered 1-5 starting on lateral [thumb] side • Fingers – phalanges or digits: 3 bones [proximal, distal & middle] for each finger, except thumb, which has 2 [ no middle phalanx]

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