1 / 36

Vertigo

Vertigo. Dr. Abdulrahman Alsanosi Associate professor King Saud University Otolaryngology consultant Otologist , Neurotologist &Skull Base Surgeon King Abdulaziz University Hospital / KFMC. What are the components of balance system ?. Inner ear (3 semicicular canals and otolith organ )

Antony
Download Presentation

Vertigo

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Vertigo Dr. Abdulrahman AlsanosiAssociate professor King Saud University Otolaryngology consultant Otologist , Neurotologist &Skull Base Surgeon King Abdulaziz University Hospital / KFMC

  2. What are the components of balance system ?

  3. Inner ear (3 semicicular canals and otolith organ ) • Cerebellum • Vision (VOR) • Proprioceptive

  4. How does balance system work ?

  5. Physiology Function of vestibular system: • Transform of the forces associate with head acceleration and gravity into a biological signals that the brain can use to develop subjective awareness of head position in space (orientation) • produce motor reflexes that will maintain posture and ocular stability

  6. It is not surprisingly that vestibular lesion cause: • Imbalance • posture and gait imbalance • visual distortion (oscillopsia ).

  7. oscillopsia

  8. What is vertigo?

  9. VERTIGO • The word "vertigo" comes from the Latin "vertere", to turn + the suffix "-igo", a condition = a condition of turning about). • It is an allusion of being moving or the world is moving too.

  10. What is nystagmus ?

  11. What are the questions to ask in history ? • Onset • Frequency • Duration • Associated auditory symptoms • Aggrevating and relieving factors • Ear disease or ear surgery • Trauma • Migraine • Ototoxic drug intake

  12. Differential diagnosisA) peripheral vestibular loss B) central vestibular loss

  13. What are the causes of peripheral vestibular loss ?

  14. peripheral vestibular loss • Vestibular neuritis • Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo ( BPPV) • Meneires disease (Endolymphatic hydrop )

  15. Vestibular neuritis • Viral infection of vestibular organ • Affect all ages but rare in childern • Affected patient presents acutely with spontaneous nystagmous ,vertigo and nausea &vomiting • Patient requires only symptomatic treatment • It takes 3 weeks to recover from vestibular neuritis

  16. Vestibualr neuritis

  17. BPPV( benign paroxysmal positional vertigo )

  18. BPPV • The most common cause of vertigo in patient > 40 years • Repeated attacks of vertigo usually of short duration less than a minute . • Provoked by certain positions (rolling in beds, looking up ,and head rotations) • Not associated with any hearing impairment

  19. BPPV Diagnosis • History • Dix-Halpike maneuver

  20. Treatment Epley maneuver

  21. Video

  22. Endolymphatic hydrop (Meneire’s disease) Pathophysiology : • Unknown etiology • ↑ ↓production of fluid within inner compartment

  23. vertigo (minutes to hours ) • Low frequency fluctuating SNHL • Tinnitus and fullness in the ear. • In 10 - 20% of cases the disease later involves the opposite ear

  24. Meneire’s disease • Diagnosis -History -PTA

  25. Meneire’s disease • Management -low-salt diet -Medical therapy - Meniett device's -Chemical perfusion -Surgery

  26. SUMMARY

  27. What are the causes of central ?

  28. CVA (Cerebero vascular accident) • Brain tumor ( acoustic neuroma ) • Multiple sclerosis

  29. CVA • Elderly patient with chronic disease like (DM ,HTN) with sudden attack of vertigo +neurological symptoms

  30. Acoustic tumor • Benign tumor • Arise from vestibular devision of VIII Clinical presenatation: • Unilateral tinnitus • Hearing loss • Dizziness

  31. Acoustic neuroma Diagnosis : • History • PTA ( Unilateral SNHL ) • Radiology

  32. diagnosis History is the most important key to diagnosis for a dizzy patient .

  33. Investiagtions • PTA • CLORIC TEST • ENG • CT SCAN • MRI

  34. Take away message

  35. Thank you

More Related