“Junk DNA” Can Encode the Proteins

1. “Junk DNA” Can Encode the Proteins Editor: Elaine Company: Creative Peptides Website: http://www.creative-peptides.com/ Tel: 1-631-624-4882 Email:info@creative-peptides.com

2. Subverting the traditional theory: “junk DNA” can also encode the proteins. Recently, it's reported that some scientists in Sweden used a new method for protein analysis and they found nearly one hundred kinds of novel gene regions for human protein-coding. Many of the regions are so-called pseudogenes, and they are probably associated with cancer. The researchers expected that this new approach will promote a whole new field of study.

3. All information about human genome is stored in the DNA sequence of nucleus, and scientists have already drawn out of the map in the early 21th century. Gene refers to different portions of a predetermined type of DNA that can encode the proteins. In the past few decades, researchers used DNA analysis to define approximately 21,000 human protein-coding genes. In different cell types, different protein-coding genes might be in the activation or deactivation state, which means many medical diseases are related to changes in gene activity and specificity. In terms of human genome, only about 1.5 percent of DNA is composed of protein-coding genes. While as for the remain DNA, some regulatory sequences are used for adjusting gene’s protein production. But most of the DNA are considered to be a lack of use, generally referred to as “junk DNA”. There is a so-called pseudogene in the “junk DNA”, which is always considered as a non-functional gene. Certain group of researchers also think such gene has lost its function during the evolution process.

4. In this latest study, scientists proposed a new protein genomics method, making it possible to trace the protein-coding genes in the remain 98.5% DNA, which until now has been regarded as an impossible task. Research suggests that some pseudogenes generated proteins, indicating that they do have a function. The researchers said that they had to test the peptide sequence and match the whole genome data with millions of possible sites. In addition, the scientists also developed a new experimental and bioinformatics approach to conduct protein-based genetic testing, but when everything was ready, the researchers just felt like they were participating in a genome adventure. Cells from the mice also received similar findings. Many of the new proteins encoded by pseudogenes can be traced in other cancer cells, too. The next task for those researchers is to know whether the genes in genome “garbage dump” present an important role in cancer or any other diseases.

5. The researchers noted that the study of “junk DNA” does challenge the old theory of fake protein-coding genes. The proposed method allows to conduct the genomic annotation in organisms with complicated protein-based genomes, which will contribute to find massive new protein-coding genes in any species with a known DNA sequence in human organisms. About Author Creative Peptides is specialized in the process development and the manufacturing of bioactive peptides. It offers custom peptide synthesis, process development, GMP manufacturing as well as catalog products. Visit http://www.creative-peptides.com/ to know more. Source(Read full text): http://www.biotechsciencenews.com/Person/list/edit/75044_My_Blog_38.html