Minimizing Accidents & Injuries On and Off the Job

1. Minimizing Accidents & InjuriesOn and Off the Job Responsibility/ Accountability Productivity Using The Hazard Recognition Approach To Accident Prevention

2. HAZARD RECOGNITION The systematic observation and identification of unsafe conditions, at-risk behaviors and underlying management system weaknesses that if permitted to continue may lead to employee injury or illness.

3. Hazard Recognition/Assessment • Stimulate Safety Awareness • Intended to Change Employees Overall Work Behavior • Trigger Mechanism To Identify All Potential Hazards On A Job Prior To Beginning Work On That Job • Positive Intervention & Feedback

4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Provide practical knowledge of Principles of Hazard Recognition • Increase awareness & observation skills • Help integrate into daily management & leadership activities • Create opportunity to apply positive intervention and feedback skills, by focusing on and identifying workplace hazards. • Provide value-added observations & • Suggestions to enhance facility safety effort • Understanding the importance of Controlled Energy State, by defining it, how to apply it, and what forms of energy to look for.

5. The Intent of Hazard Recognition/Assessment is for everyone to have adequate knowledge of the Potential Hazards of the work and work location in order to perform the job as safely as possible!!

6. With the emphasis on Safety at Austin Industrial, people generally know both what to do and what not to do regarding their safety. Yet, with all of this knowledge of rules and regulations and safety do’s and don’ts, PEOPLE ARE STILL GETTING HURT!!

7. HAZARD RECOGNITION is one element of a comprehensive approach to safety and health. To be effective, HAZARD RECOGNITION should be implemented along with the other key elements of safety and health management.

8. Hazard Recognition / Assessment • Procedure To Review Job Methods and Uncover Hazards • Four Steps: • Select The Job • Break The Job Down into smaller tasks • Identify Hazards and Potential Accidents • Develop Solutions

9. Safety Process Subsystems Behavior Activity Measures Employee Participation Personal Actions Rewards & Recognition Safe Work Environment OSHA Compliance Engineering Controls Traditional Safety Management Objective Setting Accountability & Roles Resource Provision

10. Processes / Programs Necessary for Safety Excellence Management Defined Roles,Responsibilities and Accountability for all levels Incident Investigation Case Management Communication

11. Safety Subsystems:Behavior Personal Safety Activities Behavior Activity Measures Employee Participation Personal Actions Behavioral Accident Prevention Job Safety Assessments Hazard Recognition Site Safety Councils Site Safety Activities

12. Processes / Programs necessary for Safety Excellence Behavioral Behavioral Accident Prevention / Intervention Process

13. Behavior Subsystem • Behavioral Observation Programs • Identifies and addresses unsafe behaviors before an incident occurs • Positive Intervention & Feedback • Committed employees • Job Safety Assessment Programs • Identifies and addresses hazards related to performing a task • Hazards addressed before an incident occurs • Committed employees

14. Positive Intervention • Immediate (Question what doesn’t seem right) • Soon, Certain and Positive--Strongest • Must stop unsafe behavior • Encourage and reinforce safe / desired behavior • Talk with people • Role model

15. Safety Subsystems: Safe Workplace HSE Management Control Process Safe Workplace OSHA Compliance Engineering Controls Traditional Workplace Safety Safety Program Reviews Incident Investigation/ Incident Management System Client HSE Requirements Case Management Safe Work Permit

16. Regulatory Requirements Noise Energy Isolation (lockout/tagout) Process safety management Confined Space Fall Protection Crane safety Welding Operations Client Processes Etc. Safe Work Environment Subsystem

17. PROACTIVE SAFETY MANAGEMENT Proactive Safety Management measures progress by % Safe Behavior not by accident rates Fatalities Lost-time Accidents Reactive Safety Management OSHA Recordables First Aid PROACTIVE Safety Management BEHAVIOR

18. Fatalities Lost-Time Accidents Recordable Accidents First Aid Accidents Unsafe Behaviors How to Measure Safety Performance? Where to Focus Safety Efforts?

19. Austin Industrial Safety Cycle Action Action Upper Limit Recordable Rate Lower Limit Withdrawal

20. What Is Safety?

21. Safety: Is a function of Accountability / Responsibility

22. Safety Is : Accountability: Stop accepting accidents as a cost of doing business and as uncontrollable events characteristic of the hazards of daily activity. People fail to recognize potential, assume it won’t happen to them, believe taking shortcuts (risks) is justified by success. And as a result someone gets injured.

23. TYPES OF HAZARDS • BEHAVIORAL • PHYSICAL • CHEMICAL • BIOLOGICAL

24. TYPES OF HAZARDS • Behavioral • Acts of People

25. BEHAVIORAL HAZARDS - PEOPLE FACTORS • KEY AT-RISK BEHAVIORS • Failure to follow safety rules & procedures • Working in an unsafe position or posture • Failure to wear proper PPE • Using defective tools or equipment • Removing or making safety devices inoperable • Opening piping, vessels etc. without assuring safe condition • Operating or using equipment without proper training or authority

26. PHYSICAL HAZARDS • Inadequate Machinery Guarding • Exposed Electrical Wiring • Inadequate Lighting • Defective Hand Tools • Unsafe Working or Walking Surfaces • Improper Job Task or Workplace Design

27. MATERIALS • Storage • Chemical / Fuels • Compressed Gases

28. EQUIPMENT • Hand / Portable Tools • Machine Tools Guarding • Lifting Equipment • Pressure / Reaction Vessels • Power Tools • Electrical

29. LOCK-OUT SYSTEMS • Energy Isolation systems • Signs / Tags

30. HAZARDOUS WORK • Confined Space • Fork / Lift Truck • Hydroblasting (high pressure water cleaning) • Excavation / Trenching • Crane Operations • Elevated Work

31. TYPES OF HAZARDS • Chemical • Inhalation exposures • Acid burns to skin • Chemical splash to eyes

32. TYPES OF HAZARDS • Biological • Exposure to bloodborne pathogens

33. The first minute in an area concentrate entirely on the actions of the people in the work area and ask yourself three questions: 1) Are they doing the job right? • Right from safety and health standpoint 2) Could they get injured or cause damage to property? 3) Does anything look different, out of place?

34. Preparation for Inspections • Consider: • What is to be Reviewed? • Who is going to perform? • Who is responsible to act on information? • Have people involved been trained • Are checklists available? • How often?

35. GENERAL WORKPLACE CONDITIONS“Where To Look”“What To Look For” Facilities • Floors (Walking & Working Surfaces) • Platforms / Scaffolds • Ladders • Stairs • Ventilation • Lighting • Ergonomic Factors

36. Observation Techniques • Factual observation (what you see is probably not what you “thought” you saw) • First minute --- Best picture of reality • Observe behavior and people • Looks Like Duck--Quacks Like Duck--Probably is a Duck

37. Traditional safety strategies, including protective equipment, job redesign, procedures, campaigns, motivational programs and awards--although they have had success in reducing accidents and injuries in the past--have been yielding diminishing returns. Improved strategies will continue to only marginally increase occupational safety and health.

38. A greater effect may be achieved by directly addressing personal risk behaviors. To begin, we asked the following question: WHICH BASIC HUMAN BEHAVIORS, IF EFFECTIVELY MANAGED, WILL SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES?

39. Purpose of Hazard Recognition Process To make participants aware of their role and responsibility for the safety of themselves, each other, in order to empower them to reduce the number and severity of accidents and injuries on and off the job.

40. Benefits of Hazard Recognition • As a result of Hazard Recognition, employees will be able to: • Minimize the number and severity of accidents and injuries on and off the job • Understand the role of personal risk behaviors as primary causes of accidents and injuries • Distinguish between personal responsibility and company responsibility • Be responsible and accountable for the safety of themselves and others

41. Benefits (cont’d) • Increase safety awareness for themselves and others • Discover an effective technology for accident and injury prevention • Reduce stress

42. Benefits (cont’d) • Learn the skills to manage others for appropriate safety behavior • Bring forth their personal commitment to everyone’s safety

43. Man + Machine + Uncontrolled Energy Release = Accident*** Energy Source Gravity Chemical Thermal Residual Stored Pneumatic Hydraulic Pressurized Liquids / Gases Mechanical Associated Hazards Accident Triangle Man Machine ***Removing one element or creating effective barriers will reduce risk of having accident.

44. SOURCES OF ENERGY • Electrical • Mechanical • Hydraulic • Pneumatic • Thermal • Residual Stored • Gravity • Pressurized Liquids / Gases • Chemicals

45. RECOGNIZE AND CORRECT HAZARDS.

46. Chemicals must be stored in a safe and orderly condition.

47. Appropriate storage cabinets and rooms must be provided for storage of flammable materials. Proper flammable storage cabinet. Proper outdoor flammable storage room.

48. Tanks, drums and containers of flammable materials must be properly bonded and grounded during dispensing. Bonding and grounding straps. No bonding or grounding straps for flammable dispensing.

49. Incompatible materials must be separated to avoid adverse chemical reactions. Proper signage for incompatible materials. Improper storage of incompatible oxygen and acetylene.

50. CHEMICALS Adequate number of waste containers must be available and properly stored for waste disposal. Proper flammable waste can. Proper waste staging.