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WTC/911 CPT Garcia CPT Saad. Purpose. To provide a brief account on the events of September 11. References. 911 Commission Report www.fbi.gov. Outline. American Airline #11 United Airline #175 American Airline #77 United Airline #93 Lessons Learned Conclusion Questions.
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Purpose To provide a brief account on the events of September 11.
References • 911 Commission Report • www.fbi.gov
Outline • American Airline #11 • United Airline #175 • American Airline #77 • United Airline #93 • Lessons Learned • Conclusion • Questions
American Airlines #11 8:45 a.m. Crashed into North Tower of World Trade Center Mohamed Atta Abdulaziz Alomari Wail M. Alshehri Waleed M. Alshehri Satan M. A. Al Suqami
The Hijacking of American 11 • Believe the hijacking began at 8:14 or shortly thereafter • Not known how the hijackers gained access to the cockpit • Sprayed some type of irritant in the first-class cabin, in order to force the passengers and flight attendants toward the rear of the plane • At 8:41, air traffic controllers declared Flight 11 a hijacking
UNITED AIRLINES #175 9:05 a.m. Crashed into South Tower of World Trade Center Mohand Alshehri Hamza Alghamdi Marwan Al-Shehhi Fayez Rashid Ahmed Hassan Al Qadi Banihammad Ahmed Alghamdi
The Hijacking of UNITED 175 • The hijackers attacked sometime between 8:42 and 8:46. • Both pilots had been killed (reported by one flight attendant) • Believe the tactics were similar on both flights • At 8:58, the flight took a heading toward New York City
American Airlines #77 9:39 a.m. Crashed into Pentagon Hani Hanjour Khalid Almihdhar Majed Moqed Nawaf Alhazmi Salem Alhazmi
The Hijacking of American 77 • The hijacking began between 8:51 and 8:54 • At 9:34,Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport advised the Secret Service of an unknown aircraft heading in the direction of the White House. • Crashed into the Pentagon, traveling at approximately 530 miles per hour
United Airlines #93 10:03 a.m. Crashed in Stony Creek Township Ziad Samir Jarrah Saeed Alghamdi Ahmad Ibrahim A. Al Haznawi Ahmed Alnami
The Hijacking of UNITED 93 • The hijackers attacked at 9:28 • At 9:57, the passenger assault began. • Jarrah’s objective was to crash his airliner into symbols of the American Republic, the Capitol or the White House.
Lessons Learned • Airports • Only ticket holders allowed to go to boarding area • Harder screening of people • Use of Air Marshals • Business class no longer separated by curtain
Conclusion • Protocols in place on 9/11 for the FAA and NORAD: • the hijacked aircraft would be readily identifiable and would not attempt to disappear; • there would be time to address the problem through the appropriate FAA and NORAD chains of command; and • the hijacking would take the traditional form: that is, it would not be a suicide hijacking designed to convert the aircraft into a guided missile. • On the morning of 9/11, the existing protocol was unsuited in every respect for what happen. • FAA and airlines had never dealt with multiple hijackings