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THE MODAL MODEL

THE MODAL MODEL. Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968). rehearse. Sensory Information Store. Short Term Memory (STM). Long Term Memory (LTM). recode. retrieve. THE WORKING MEMORY MODEL Baddeley and Hitch, 1974. PHONOLOGICAL LOOP. VISUO-SPATIAL SKETCHPAD. Visuo-Spatial Store.

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THE MODAL MODEL

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  1. THE MODAL MODEL Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) rehearse Sensory Information Store Short Term Memory (STM) Long Term Memory (LTM) recode retrieve

  2. THE WORKING MEMORY MODELBaddeley and Hitch, 1974 PHONOLOGICAL LOOP VISUO-SPATIAL SKETCHPAD Visuo-Spatial Store Central Executive Phonological Store Articulatory processes Visuo-spatial processes

  3. Evidence for the Phonological Loop • Articulatory Suppression • Word Length Effect • Phonological Similarity Effect

  4. Articulatory Suppression(Murray, 1967) Recall performance Articulatory suppression No secondary task

  5. Word Length Effect(Baddeley et al., 1975) Recall performance Short Words ie., fit, cat, put Long Words ie., university, escalator ie., ticket, jogger ie., Friday, motion

  6. Phonological Similarity Effect(Conrad & Hull, 1964) Recall performance Phonologically distinct lists ie., TRQKO Phonologically similar lists ie., TVBCD

  7. Summary of Evidence • Articulatory Suppression • - suggests the importance of rehearsal as the active process • Word Length Effect • suggests the importance of rehearsal for maintaining phonological information in STM • Phonological Similarity Effect • suggests that information held in the phonological store fades and becomes confused with other similar information

  8. Interaction of these effects Recall performance 1 task 2 tasks ? Short words Long words Word Length

  9. Summary of Evidence • Articulatory Suppression • - suggests the importance of rehearsal as the active process • Word Length Effect • suggests the importance of rehearsal for maintaining phonological information in STM • Phonological Similarity Effect • suggests that information held in the phonological store fades and becomes confused with other similar information • The interaction of these effects • - suggests that rehearsal is the active processing system that serves the passive phonological store, and that together, these two components make up the PHONOLOGICAL LOOP.

  10. So What?The Importance of the Phonological Loop • PATIENT ‘PV’: • Acquisition of new vocabulary • Acquisition of a second language • Language comprehension

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