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Chapter 10. Caring Communication and Client Teaching/Learning. Caring Communication is. More than social chitchat Major component in direct nursing service Complex process Responsible use of words Core of client-nurse work. Health-Related Communication.
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Chapter 10 Caring Communication and Client Teaching/Learning Delmar Learning Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Caring Communication is • More than social chitchat • Major component in direct nursing service • Complex process • Responsible use of words • Core of client-nurse work Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Health-Related Communication Communication centered on health-related issues • Includes • Feelings • Attitudes • Information Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Types of Health-Related Communication • Verbal or nonverbal • Oral or written • Personal or Impersonal • Issue oriented or relationship oriented Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Contexts for Communication • Intrapersonal systems • Interpersonal systems • Social systems Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Models for Health-Related Communication • Client-Centered • Health Communications Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Nursing-Interaction Models • Peplau • Orlando • King • Rogers Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Influences on Nurse-Client Communication • Mutual problem solving • Nurse-client interaction • Mutual goal setting • Validation • Mutual goal attainment Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Influences on Nurse-Client Communication (cont.) • Client’s evolving level of responsibility • Full participation as partners • Shifting roles in the client-nurse relationship • Client takes on more responsibility • Nurse removes self from situation Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Theory of Mutual Connectedness • Categories • Properties • Conditions • Strategies • Outcomes • Caring Environment • Mutual Connectedness • Nursing Therapy • Healing Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Mutual Problem-Solving Process • Assess • Plan • Implement • Evaluate Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Client Rights in the Helping Relationship Right to: • A thorough assessment • Accurate information about their health • Courteous treatment • Refuse treatment • Confidentiality Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Communication techniques • Active listening • Paraphrasing • Feelings reflection • Nonverbal gestures Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Characteristics and Tools of the Effective Helper • Warmth • Respect • Genuineness • Specificity • Empathy Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Characteristics and Tools of the Effective Helper (cont.) • Self-disclosure • Confrontation • Spirituality • Humor • Reflection Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Interviewing • Purpose of interview • Information sharing • Therapeutic Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Information-seeking Interviews • Directive approach • Closed questions • Open questions Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Guidelines for Asking Questions • Interview client or family • Quiet, private location • Allow adequate response time • Use understandable language • Explain rationale for questions • Avoid interruptions Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Therapeutic Interviews • Purpose • Nondirective approach Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Phases in the Interview Process • Preparation • Initiation • Working • Termination Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Communication Barriers • Responses that negatively affect communication • Categories • Judgment • Sending solutions • Avoidance of others’ concerns Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Group Membership and Leadership • Types of Groups • Content-oriented • Process-oriented • Midrange Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Group Membership and Leadership (cont.) • Group Behaviors • Leader Behaviors • Member Behaviors Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Group Task Roles ( R. Diedrich and H.A. Dye, 1972) • Initiator-contributor • Opinion seeker • Information giver • Elaborator Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Group Task Roles ( R. Diedrich and H.A. Dye, 1972) (cont.) • Coordinator • Orientor • Evaluator-critic • Energizer • Procedural technician • Recorder Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Group Building and Maintenance Roles ( R. Diedrich and H.A. Dye, 1972) • Encourager • Harmonizer • Compromiser • Gatekeeper • Standard setter • Group commentator • Follower Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Individual Role Behaviors ( R. Diedrich and H.A. Dye, 1972) • Aggressor • Blocker • Recognition seeker • Self-confessor • Playboy/playgirl • Dominator • Help seeker • Special interest pleader Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Curative Factors • Instillation of hope • Universality • Information sharing • Altruism • Corrective recapitulation Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Curative Factors (cont.) • Development of socialization • Imitative behavior • Interpersonal learning • Catharsis • Existential factors Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Phases of Group Development • Orientation • Conflict • Cohesion • Working • Termination Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Teaching/Learning Process • Adult Learning Theory Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Pedagogy and Andragogy Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Client Education Models • Pender’s Health Promotion Model • Self-Regulation Model • Empowerment Education Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Types of Teaching • Informal • Formal Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Modalities • Lectures • Discussion • Computer-assisted instruction • Videotapes • Self-help groups Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Modalities (cont.) • Demonstration • Return demonstration • Learning modules • Use more than one modality to enhance learning Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Health-Oriented Telecommunications • Telecommunications • Voice, data, or video communication • Interactive health communication • Telehealth • Telenursing Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Teaching/Learning Environment • Physical environment • Physical comforts met • Minimize distractions • Facilitate interaction and active participation • Reinforce information taught Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Learning Process – Phases • Assessment • Learning needs • Establish rapport • Learning style • Nursing Diagnosis Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Learning Process – Phases (cont.) • Planning • Formulate learning objectives • Teaching strategies/learning activities • Implementation • Mastery of content • Engage learner • Simple, consistent, appropriate • Evaluation Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Different Learning Styles • Visual • Auditory • Kinesthetic Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Teaching Children • Different learning needs • Adapt methods to child’s developmental age • Children learn through play • Adolescents Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
Communication Issues in Health Education • Using an interpreter • Individuals who are partially fluent in English • Conflict resolution and negotiation • Public speaking Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company
