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The 5 Major WORLD RELIGIONS

The 5 Major WORLD RELIGIONS. A Look at the Way the World Prays. ISLAM JUDAISM HINDUISM. BUDDHISM CHRISTIANIY. PRIMARY WORLD RELIGIONS. Monotheistic: One God Polytheistic: Many Gods. God(s). JUDAISM.

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The 5 Major WORLD RELIGIONS

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  1. The 5 Major WORLDRELIGIONS A Look at the Way the World Prays

  2. ISLAM JUDAISM HINDUISM BUDDHISM CHRISTIANIY PRIMARY WORLD RELIGIONS

  3. Monotheistic: One God Polytheistic: Many Gods God(s)

  4. JUDAISM • The oldest faith among the major religions of the world is Judaism, or Jewish. The Hebrews have been around for thousands of years.

  5. JUDAISM Judaism originated with a divine covenant between the God of the ancient Israelites and Abraham around 2000 BCE.

  6. JUDAISM Judaism is a monotheistic religion which believes that the world was created by a single, all-knowing divinity, and that all things within that world were designed to have meaning and purpose as part of a divine order. According to the teachings of Judaism, God's will for human behavior was revealed to Moses and the Israelites at Mount Saini. The Torah, or commandments, which regulate how humans are to live their lives, were a gift from God so that they might live in according to His will.

  7. JUDAISM The Old Testament books of the Bible describe numerous struggles of the Jewish people.

  8. JUDAISM • After their triumphant Exodus from Egyptian captivity following Moses, they wandered around in the desert for forty years before entering the Promised Land. • They had many conflicts with neighboring societies, yet for several centuries were able to maintain a unified state centered in Jerusalem.

  9. JUDAISM • This occupation of the Promised Land was not to last, however. • In 722 BC, the northern part of the Hebrew state fell to Assyrian raiders. • By 586 BC, Jerusalem was conquered by Babylonians. • The land of Israel was successively ruled by Persians, Macedonians, Greeks, Syrians, and Romans in the time that followed.

  10. JUDAISM • As a result of the Syrian King Antiochus IV Epiphanes' attempt to suppress the Jewish religion, a rebellion led by Judas Maccabaeus in 167 BC resulted in the independence of the Jewish nation. • This is celebrated today by the festival Hanukkah.

  11. JUDAISM • In 70 AD, the Roman army destroyed Jerusalem, and the Jews were forced out of the area and settled in Mediterranean countries and in other areas in southwest Asia. • This migration of the Jewish population is known as Diaspora.

  12. JUDAISM • Many of these Jews settled in Europe and became victims of persecution and poverty. • Ghettoes and slums became their homes and massacres were common.

  13. JUDAISM • The menorah is a symbol of the Jewish religion. So is the star of David.

  14. JUDAISM Three Branches of Judaism These are the three branches of Judaism which form the framework for the type of lifestyle and beliefs of Jewish individuals:

  15. JUDAISM Orthodox- Traditionalists who observe most of the traditional dietary and ceremonial laws of Judaism

  16. JUDAISM Conservative- Do not hold to the importance of a Jewish political state, but put more emphasis on the historic and religious aspects of Judaism, doctrinally somewhere between Orthodox and Reform

  17. JUDAISM Reform- The liberal wing of Judaism, culture and race oriented with little consensus on doctrinal or religious belief

  18. JUDAISM • Jews believe in one creator who alone is to be worshipped as absolute ruler of the universe. • God monitors peoples activities and rewards good deeds and punishes evil.

  19. A Jewish church is called a synagogue. Jewish ceremonies are often performed in Yiddish, or Hebrew. A Jewish church leader is called a rabbi. Jews are broken down usually into three sects - Orthodox, Reformed and Traditional. A fourth is Reconstructionist. JUDAISM

  20. JUDAISM • The main difference between Christians and Jews is their belief regarding Jesus. Jews do not believe him to be the son of God. • Jews’ sacred literature is the Torah, comprised mainly of the Old Testament. They do not use the New Testament.

  21. JUDAISM Jews believe in the inherent goodness of the world and its inhabitants as creations of God and do not require a savior to save them from original sin.

  22. JUDAISM • They believe they are God's chosen people and that the Messiah will arrive in the future, gather them into Israel, there will be a general resurrection of the dead, and the Jerusalem Temple destroyed in 70 CE will be rebuilt. • Jews do not believe in Hell.

  23. CHRISTIANITY Christianity believes in one God, while the central figure in Christianity is Jesus (or Christ), a Jew who came into this world by the immaculate conception of the virgin Mary.

  24. CHRISTIANITY • The history of Christianity goes back into Jewish ancestry and revolves around the 300 prophecies in the Old Testament which reveals the upcoming of a Jewish Messiah who would be a Savior of humanity. • Around 2000 years ago this prophecy was fulfilled by the birth of Jesus from the Virgin Mary in the town of Bethlehem in the land of Israel.

  25. CHRISTIANITY So… Christianity started out as a breakaway sect of Judaism nearly 2000 years ago.

  26. Christianity The birth of Jesus is celebrated at Christmas with hymns and gift giving. It's believed that Jesus was not only man, but also the son of God and lived his life without sin.

  27. Christianity During his lifetime, Jesus performed many miracles and spoke to many people about his father in heaven. He was arrested for claiming to be God's son and was hung on the cross by the Romans at age 33.

  28. Christianity Christians believe that the suffering and death upon the cross which this sinless man endured paid for the sins of all mankind, and because of Jesus' actions, salvation can be achieved by anyone who believes in him. This act of sacrifice is remembered during Lent.

  29. Christianity Following his death, Christians believe that he rose from the grave (celebrated at Easter) and returned to the earth, appearing to his followers and telling them of the kingdom of God to which he was going. He also promised his disciples that he would return one day to bring all believers with him to that kingdom, to enjoy eternal life in the presence of God.

  30. Christianity Christians can read of the life of Jesus, as well as his ancestors, in the Christian holy text, the Bible. It consists of the Old Testament (which is also considered sacred to Judaism and Islam) and the New Testament.

  31. Christianity The Old Testament chronicles the lives of Jews and others who lived before Jesus, who had been promised a savior by God, and were waiting for him. This text contains many stories about people demonstrating faith in God and also provides historical information about the era. The New Testament is unique to Christianity, for it centers around the figure of Jesus and his effect on the world. Christians believe that Jesus is the one that the Old Testament foretold, so instead of looking for a savior, they await the return of Jesus so that he can take them to his kingdom, or heaven.

  32. Christianity • Since Christianity and Judaism share the same history up to the time of Jesus Christ, they are very similar in many of their core beliefs. There are two primary differences.

  33. Christianity • One is that Christians believe in original sin and that Jesus died in our place to save us from that sin.

  34. Christianity • The other is that Jesus was fully human and fully God and as the Son of God is part of the Holy Trinity: God the Father, His Son, and the Holy Spirit.

  35. Christianity All Christians believe in heaven and that those who sincerely repent their sins before God will be saved and join Him in heaven. Belief in hell and satan varies among groups and individuals.

  36. Christianity There are a multitude of forms of Christianity which have developed either because of disagreements on dogma, adaptation to different cultures, or simply personal taste. For this reason there can be a great difference between the various forms of Christianity they may seem like different religions to some people.

  37. PROTESTANTS and CATHOLICS • The big difference between Protestants and Catholics is how they INTERPRET the Bible.

  38. PROTESTANTS • Protestant religions formed when people protested the actions of the Catholic Church.

  39. PROTESTANTS • Many Protestant religions exist today, mostly in the U.S. They include Baptists, Methodists, Church of Christ, Mormons, Presbyterians, Pentecostals & Lutherans.

  40. PROTESTANTS • Like Catholics, Protestants use the Old and New Testaments as their scripture.

  41. ISLAM • Muslims worship the same God as Christians and Jews. They call him Allah, which is Arabic for “God”. • Muslims are located mostly in the Middle East in countries such as Egypt, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia.

  42. ISLAM • The Muslim symbol is the crescent moon with a star.

  43. ISLAM • A Muslim temple is called a mosque. A Muslim priest is called an imam.

  44. ISLAM Islam was founded in 622 CE by Muhammad the Prophet, in Makkah (also spelled Mecca).

  45. ISLAM • Though it is the youngest of the world's great religions, Muslims do not view it as a new religion. They belief that it is the same faith taught by the prophets, Abraham, David, Moses and Jesus. • The role of Muhammad as the last prophet was to formalize and clarify the faith and purify it by removing ideas which he believed were added in error.

  46. ISLAM The two sacred texts of Islam are the Qur'an, which are the words of Allah 'the One True God' as given to Muhammad, and the Hadith, which is a collection of Muhammad's sayings.

  47. ISLAM The duties of all Muslims are known as the Five Pillars of Islam and are: • Recite the shahadah at least once. • Perform the salat (prayer) 5 times a day while facing the Kaaba in Makkah. • Donate regularly to charity via the zakat, a 2.5% charity tax, and through additional donations to the needy. • Fast during the month of Ramadan, the month that Muhammad received the Qur'an from Allah. • Make pilgrimage to Makkah at least once in life, if economically and physically possible.

  48. ISLAM Muslims follow a strict monotheism with one creator who is just, omnipotent and merciful. They also believe in Satan who drives people to sin, and that all unbelievers and sinners will spend eternity in Hell. Muslims who sincerely repent and submit to God will return to a state of sinlessness and go to Paradise after death.

  49. ISLAM • Alcohol, drugs, and gambling should be avoided and they reject racism. • They respect the earlier prophets, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, but regard the concept of the divinity of Jesus as blasphemous and do not believe that he was executed on the cross.

  50. ISLAM • Like Christians, Muslims are divided. The two main groups are Shi’a, (or Shi’ites), which make up about 90 percent of Muslims. The other sect is Sunni.

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