The National Science and Technology Potential Survey

1. The National Science and Technology Potential Survey

2. I Definition • STP, Organized resources a country has for the application of S&T • Involving • Human resources • Financial resources • Informational resources • Material resources • Efficiently managed to achieve maximum benefits

3. II. Usefulness of STP Survey • STPs primarily a policy making and management tool in R&D and STS • Monitor the evolving scientific and technological potential at the institutional or individual R&D unit • Gathers information at micro level and thereby supply accurate information for policy makers

4. Explore the characteristics of the national scientific and technological potential • The flow of national S&T budget from the sources • The scientific research activities • The requirements for scientific and technological research based on priority objectives • The coherence of research activities in r/n to socioeconomic development • The production of R&D and STS units

5. III STP Users • Primarily specialists or government bodies responsible for S&T • National statistics organizations • International organization responsible for promoting scientific and technological cooperation eg. UNESCO • R&D or STS units (for managing scientific and technological activities) • Development planners for consultation in the application of new scientific and technological knowledge

6. Data on resources of R&D and STS Units • Data to be collected at the unit level • Level of R&D projects and STS activities • 4.1 Human Resources • Scientists and engineers • Completed education at the third level (awarded degree) • Received third level non university education but nationally recognized • Acquired professional experiences that is nationally recognized • Students preparing doctoral thesis • Technicians • Received vocational or technical educations (diploma) • Two years specialized technical studies

7. Auxiliary Personnel • Persons whose work is directly associated with the performance of S&T • The human resources measured in • Number of persons engaged in R&D -The Volume of working time devoted to R&D • Full time equivalent

8. Utilization of data on HR • Classification by diplomas or degrees obtained • Classification by scientific/technological fields • Classification by age, sex and organizations 4.2 Financial resources • Classification by type of expenditures • Current expenditures • Labor expenditures • Capital expenditures • Classification by source of funds • Government • Foreign grant • Foreign loan • Own fund • Endowment fund • Classification by type of R&D activity • Fundamental research • Applied research • Experimental development

9. 4.3 Material resources • buildings, land, experimental stations and major equipment • Major equipment - apparatus, machinery and equipment of significant value (>$5,000) 4.4 Informational resources • Scientific and technological documentation (books, periodicals, microfiches etc) • No of R&D or STS units possessing their own library • No of subscriptions in R&D • S&T Indicators • Assess scientific and technological capacity • Monitor the progress, evaluate the performance • Forecast the future trends • International comparisons among different countries • Rate of change for any given country

10. Manpower • The number of scientists and engineers (per million population, Nigeria 15 (1987) and South Africa 1031 (1993) • Distribution among different functions R&D, educational, public and private • Students enrollment in higher education • Expenditure • Total expenditure on S&T • Expenditure per discipline • Expenditure by sector • Rate of growth in expenditure overtime • Bibliometric indicators • Number of publications • Publications by disciplines • Number of publishing authors

11. Process of the Survey • Questionnaires and Guidelines developed • Project Proposal Prepared • Birr 98,000 • 7 graduates contracted • ST Institutions identified • 9 Universities • 15 Research Institutes • 1997 Considered as Survey Reference Years • Trips Organized • North, South, EAST, West, Central. • Data Collection, & Compilation

12. Human Resource Profile of Research Institutes and Centers by level of Education 1

13. Cond.

14. cond.

15. Cond.

16. Cond.

17. Cond.

18. Cond. Note: Information obtained from only one directorate

19. Cond.

20. Cond.

21. Human Resource Profile of Higher Learning Institutions by Level of Education in 1997

23. *Data obtained from departments of psychiatry & Micro biology, Immunology & parasitology. • **Not available to obtain the information

24. HRD by field of Science & Technology in different Research Institutes of Ethiopia

25. Cond.

26. Cond.

27. HRD by field of Science & Technology in different Research Institutes of Ethiopia

28. Cond.

29. Cond

30. HRD by field of Science & Technology in different Research Institutes of Ethiopia

31. Cond.

32. Cond.

33. Researchers by field of Science & Technology in Higher Learning Institutions

34. Cond.

35. Cond.

36. Cond.

37. Cond.

38. Cond.

39. Summary of HRD Profile by fields of S&T

40. Human Resource Profile at Research Coordination Agency (ESTA)

41. Expenditure of Research Institutes and Centers

42. Expenditure Profile of Universities (1997)

43. Summary of Expenditure

44. Summary of Human Resource profile of research and Higher Learning institutes and Centers

45. Cond.

46. Summary of Human Resource Profile of Higher Learning & Research Institutes

47. Output of the Survey • Baseline information collected • Preparation of Institutional and lab equipment Profiles • Submission of S&T information to UNESCO • Awareness creation Challenges • Unavailability of well organized & documented information • Unavailability of responsible unit in some University • Lack of willingness • Shortage of time devoted to undertake the survey • Inconvenient time to undertake the survey • Response to the questionnaire at universities

48. The Way forward • Inclusion of Dev’t institutions, Private sector, NGOs. • Regular budget allocation • Employing professionals on permanent basis • Updating the information regularly

49. Thank You