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SOLAR ENERGY RESEARCH at IOC-R&D Centre, Faridabad

SOLAR ENERGY RESEARCH at IOC-R&D Centre, Faridabad Dr. D.K. Tuli General Manager (Alternate Energy) Coverage Solar Energy Research Plan of IOC-R&D Approach Line of action (strategy) Basic research Solar Power Generation Plans of IOC Solar Lanterns & other products

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SOLAR ENERGY RESEARCH at IOC-R&D Centre, Faridabad

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  1. SOLAR ENERGY RESEARCH atIOC-R&D Centre, Faridabad Dr. D.K. Tuli General Manager (Alternate Energy)

  2. Coverage • Solar Energy Research Plan of IOC-R&D • Approach • Line of action (strategy) • Basic research • Solar Power Generation Plans of IOC • Solar Lanterns & other products • Solar hydrogen dispensing station • Large scale solar farms

  3. Three-Pronged Approach • Infrastructure & Expertise Creation • Product Development & Technology Evaluation • Basic Research Projects

  4. R&D Strategy - Infrastructure & Expertise Creation • Set-up laboratory facility for testing of lanterns and other solar energy driven products • Testing facility for solar panels • Up-gradation of laboratory facility • To certification level • Discussions with TUV, Germany and Fraunhaufer, Germany • For Solar Cell Research • For Solar Thermal Research

  5. Targeted Areas of ExpertiseSolar PV • Testing of Modules & Components of PV Systems – Mechanical, Electrical, Environment & Other Related Tests • Energy yield assessments – Study of local irradiation data & system details and long term yield forecasts compilation using simulations • Site Condition Evaluation – Actual energy yield at the site including shadowing/seasoning and type of plant (off or on grid, pump systems etc) • Technology advisory services – Based on global technology evaluation and relevant standards/regulations • Plant monitoring, output energy yields checks and evaluation – Data logging and analysis capabilities • Damage & fault assessment – Determination and analysis of damages & malfunctions of the systems including required repairs

  6. Necessity for Comprehensive Testing Why? • Prolonged exposure to weather and extreme temperature conditions • Sturdiness of insulating materials • Performance of wires • Extent of current leakages • Fire and health hazards For Whom ? • Grid tied systems • Government rebates and tax incentives • House insurance • Off-grid systems • Current leakages • Durability

  7. Benefits of Comprehensive Testing Facilities • Setting up of complete laboratory facility • Can be utilized for all R&D purposes as well as for certification purpose • Sole Indian party status and second Asian certification country after Japan • If utilized for certification, can earn extra revenue • All collaborative basic research efforts shall be helped by leveraging the lab facility successfully and the pace of development will be enhanced by aggressive institution/industrial collaborations

  8. Targeted Areas of ExpertiseSolar Thermal • Basic research areas: • Advanced coatings • Improved reflectors • Advanced thermal collectors • High temperature resistant thermic fluids • Applied research areas: • Hydrogen generation through solar thermal route • Advanced solar systems for • refinery steam pre-heating • solar assisted biomass gasifiers • air heating & drying etc.

  9. Hydrogen through Solar Energy

  10. R&D StrategyProduct Development & Technology Evaluation • Technology / product tie-ups • for LED lanterns & other appliances development • for panels • for solar thermal products • IITs & CSIR labs such as CMERI, CEERI, CAZRI etc • Existing technology evaluation and data generation • Actual field evaluation exercise on controlled basis on a 10 KWp size plant complete with data management facilities • Power generation & data logging to evaluate all possible commercial PV technologies amongst following : • Mono and/or multi c-Si • a-Si • CPV • CIGS • CdTe • Activity can be extended further for all remaining cell technologies under incubation

  11. R&D Strategy – Basic Research • Focus on 3rd & 4th Generation PV Cells • Solar thermal systems leading up-to hydrogen generation Basic researchfor Improved Solar Systems Outsourcing & Collaboration

  12. Solar Lanterns from IndianOil Made for poor, adored by rich…….a viable solar power generation for India

  13. Kerosene use - Market Surveys Puri & Bhubaneswar

  14. The hows & whys of solar lights Solar light brighter, healthier&cheaper than kerosene lamps • Brighter than kerosene lights • 15-20 times better quality light • 150-200 lumens vs. 10-20 lumens (kerosene ‘dibri’) • No smoke • Virtual elimination of soot-related health hazard • Cheaper than kerosene lights • No moving parts, very little maintenance • Near-zero heat • Can sit very close to lamp: boon to villagers & shopkeepers • Above all, endless source of energy

  15. Solar lighting options for the poor & middle class 3 options 1. Central charging station with lanterns on rental for low-income villagers • Regular income for the rural entrepreneur • Micro-financing by MFI/RRB/CB for purchase of lanterns by the poor 2. Solar lights with small panels for relatively well-off villagers • Direct purchase & use 3. Village adoption • Options 1 & 2 practical for both urban & semi-urban customers • Low-income areas • Shops/mandis (marketplace) • Emergency lights

  16. D(PBD) inaugurating SCS, Sathla KSK Rooftop solar panels, Sathla KSK Solar Charging Station (SCS) The Concept • Solar charging stations • At RO/KSK/LPGD or Any central location • Direct charging during the day • Batteries inside the lanterns

  17. Solar Charging Station (SCS) The Concept • Customers pay rent for lantern & a fee for charging lantern on a daily/monthly basis • Every evening, Customers bring the discharged lantern and take a charged lantern with them • Alternatively, the charging station owner arranges for delivery & collection of lanterns

  18. IndianOil’s Solar Charging Station KSK, Sathla, UP

  19. IndianOil’s Solar Lantern Charging Rack KSK, Chokoni, UP

  20. IndianOil’s Solar Lantern in use Ujhari village, Gajraula, Bareily DO Sweet shops using IndianOil’s solar lanterns A chemist shop using IndianOil’s solar lanterns

  21. Solar Lantern’s Specifications

  22. INDIANOIL’s Solar Lanterns (Proposed Target Specifications )

  23. IOC-R&D Plan & Targets (2011-2013) • New product development • Rural usage • Lanterns • Solar powered fans • Pump sets • Street lights • Urban usage • Home lighting systems • Fans • Garden lights • Mobile chargers • Street lights • Inverters • Captive power generating sets • Miscellaneous (Industrial including commercial buildings) usage • Cookers • Power generating units • Demo Projects • Installation of solar powered systems within R&D • Extending support to install solar systems in sister divisions • Setting up some proven technological units in the country as demo units to leap-frog the technical know-how 2011 2012-13 ~ 50+ MW (12000 ROs x 6 W/d x 200 days x 4 years) Solar Mission target = 200 MWfor of-grid by 2013

  24. Development of Solar based HCNG dispensing station at Delhi during Commonwealth Games Project Objectives • To gain experience with onsite Solar Hydrogen Production infrastructure and Hydrogen HCNG utilization in automotive vehicles • To study performance, emission, reliability and safety aspects of hydrogen powered vehicles • To demonstrate Hydrogen / HCNG powered vehicles for public awareness and acceptance during Commonwealth Games

  25. Work Plan Work Plan • IOC will set up on-site Solar Photovoltaic / Electrolyser based hydrogen dispensing station. • The station will comprise the following • Solar photovoltaic panels • Electrolyser • Hydrogen compressor • Hydrogen Storage • Blender & Dispenser

  26. Infrastructure Required

  27. Future Fuels A progressive & profitable energy centre of repute having international level research facilities, development expertise and certification accreditations

  28. Basic Research on New Generation PV Cells • Possibilities: • Multi junction devices • Stacks of single junction cells in descending order of band-gap • Top cell captures high-energy photons and passes rest on to lower band-gap cells • New materials / material technologies • Nano PV cells • Dye sensitized cells • Polymer cells • Concentrator PV • Concentrates and utilizes maximum sun power

  29. PV Cells…..theoretical projections • PROS: • Multi junction is one of the approach to exceed single junction efficiencies • For 50% efficiency, it is mentioned that 5 junctions shall be needed assuming 80% absorption is possible • CONS • The tandem approach is limited by the availability of stable materials of desired band gaps • Concentration possess challenges in acceptance angle and thermal management as the degree of concentration is increased

  30. Solar Energy Some Interdisciplinary Areas of R&D • Hydrogen generation through Solar Energy • Comparative study of PV & Thermal route • Building Integrated PhotoVoltaic • Emerging & promising area • Polymeric Materials and chemicals used in solar panels • Polymeric films • Adhesives • Hybrid Systems • Fuel cells • Combustion engineering

  31. Type Testing – SOLAR PV MECHANICAL TESTS

  32. Type Testing – SOLAR PV ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS

  33. Type Testing – SOLAR PV ELECTRICAL TESTS

  34. Type Testing – SOLAR PV OTHER TESTS

  35. Learning from the Workshop • Solar PV and Solar Thermal are two distinct and separate areas of solar energy research • Traditionally, solar thermal was more in use quantitatively, while solar PV is now spreading far & wide • Total installed solar thermal capacity in world ~ 500 MW • Total installed solar PV capacity in world ~ 15 GW • At present, installing solar thermal plant is relatively cheaper than solar PV plant of equivalent capacity

  36. Solar Thermal – Some Areas Under R&D • Basic research areas: • Advanced power cycles • Advanced coatings • Improved reflectors • Advanced thermal collectors • High temperature resistant thermic fluids • Applied research areas: • Development of organic Rankine cycle system • Solar dish engines such as Stirling/steam/micro-turbines for decentralized power • Development of suitable receiver systems • Solar energy storage devise – Solargas, Fuel Cells, Molten salts with low freezing temperatures and options for low & medium temperature applications • Development of heliostats with automatic tracking controls • Advanced solar systems for • cooling • green buildings • cooking • air heating & drying etc.

  37. Solar PhotoVoltaic – Some Areas Under R&D • Areas of basic research: • Crystalline silicon based solar technology • Modeling & simulation of novel structures • Reduction in optical losses • Reduction in wafer thickness • Indigenous development of transparent conducting light trapping oxides (TCLO) • Development of silver paste etc • Non-crystalline based solar technology • Development of CIGS (Copper indium gallium di-selenide) based solar modules • Amorphous silicon based modules • Nano-silicon & dye sensitized modules • Areas of applied research • Improvement of module life • Module making processes • Low weight modules etc.

  38. RESOURCES NEEDED…..cumulatively * Landmarks 2010 – Initiation & lantern project 2011 – Data generation & research project initiation 2012 – Building & lab upgradation + demo projects onstream 2013Projects fructifications In case of certification/accreditation lab *

  39. LIST OF ACTIVITIES 2010 2011 - 2012 2013 +

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